Author Topic: 109's kill ratio (all variants from B to K)  (Read 29731 times)

Offline niklas

  • Nickel Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 418
109's kill ratio (all variants from B to K)
« Reply #360 on: November 18, 2003, 12:37:46 PM »
Someone on the luftwaffe forum once wrote from a mechanic of a 109E. He sealed some gaps, did a new paintint, polished the machine. His pilot was very satisfied, because his machine was 40km/h faster now than those of his squadron comrades. And this means it probably exceeded slightyl 500km/h at sealevel.
Was the machine representative for a 109E?

niklas

Offline Nashwan

  • Silver Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 1864
109's kill ratio (all variants from B to K)
« Reply #361 on: November 18, 2003, 01:01:37 PM »
Do German figures, especially the 109K4 figure of 378 mph at sea level, refer to planes taken from an operational squadron and tested with extremely poor paintwork? Is that what you're claiming?

Quite honestly, I'd suggest a figure of 40km/h improvement in a 109E is bull. The Mustang in this example gained 12 mph from cleaning up the finish, yet the Emil managed 28 mph?

Offline HoHun

  • Gold Member
  • *****
  • Posts: 2182
109's kill ratio (all variants from B to K)
« Reply #362 on: November 18, 2003, 02:56:11 PM »
Hi Nashwan,

>Quite honestly, I'd suggest a figure of 40km/h improvement in a 109E is bull. The Mustang in this example gained 12 mph from cleaning up the finish, yet the Emil managed 28 mph?

I'd agree that the figure seems vastly exaggerated. (I've seen other reports that refer to polishing, and 12 mph seems to be a good result).

On the other hand, I believe the mechanic was truthful :-) If I'd be a pilot whose mechanic invested hours and hours of work  to polish my crate to a perfect finish, I'd tell him the aircraft gained 40 km/h even if it were only 10! ;-)

By the way, in one week Willy Reschke was shot down twice, wrecking a perfectly polished Messerschmitt each time. After that, he had to fly rough aircraft because the mechanics didn't like to invest so much work in planes with such a short lifespan :-)

Regards,

Henning (HoHun)

Offline gripen

  • Silver Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 1914
109's kill ratio (all variants from B to K)
« Reply #363 on: November 18, 2003, 03:00:11 PM »
There is a new book on Mustang available. I saw it briefly couple days a go it appears to be quite interesting one, also politics inside USAAF are discused.

I also noted that some Bf 109 reports also claim openings of the radiator. It seems that at high speed opening is somewhere around 60-120mm and somewhat more at climb depending on conditions (warmer weather -> more open). Fully open (270mm)affects about 50km/h decrease to speed at 500m if compared to fully shut (25mm). Based on these numbers it seems that the flap system could generate some backpressure.

gripen

Offline Angus

  • Plutonium Member
  • *******
  • Posts: 10057
109's kill ratio (all variants from B to K)
« Reply #364 on: November 18, 2003, 04:59:31 PM »
With the Mustang always heavier than the 109,it seems like it most certainly the top racer of ww2....for each Hp at least ;)
It was very interesting to carry out the flight trials at Rechlin with the Spitfire and the Hurricane. Both types are very simple to fly compared to our aircraft, and childishly easy to take-off and land. (Werner Mölders)

Offline VO101_Isegrim

  • Nickel Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 577
Re
« Reply #365 on: November 19, 2003, 08:37:14 AM »
Quote
Originally posted by Nashwan
In the British tests, a Mustang III (most likely a P-51C) did 383 mph at sea level at 25lbs boost. This was an operational aircraft, taken from a squadron, and had very poor paintwork (6 coats of badly chipped paintwork on the leading edges)

Which basically puts the Mustang, with the same power, marginally faster than the 109 when fitted with wing racks, and extremely poor paintwork, and about 25 mph faster without wing racks and cleaned up paintwork. Or about 17mph faster with wing racks and cleaned up paintwork.

 



Oh, the classic blending arguement. First a Mustang III test, then based on that comes the claim that the whole "Mustang" series was far more aerodynamically efficient, not just the Mk III...

 No, you are speaking of a rarer Mustang III with a very rare engine/boost combination, as I already shown in the production numbers. It was also cleaned up, and we all know the Mustang (and Tempest)series was more effected than other planes by uneven wing surface, as it prevented true laminar flow which was the key to the extremely good drag characteristics of the wing at increasing Mach numbers. Cleaning up, for example, a Spit`s wing would yield a lot less speed gain than on the Mustang l.flow wings, as was actually shown in the tests you refer to. The core is, the laminar flow wing on the Mustang was a theory, and not a practice, as to maintain laminar flow a perfect surface would be required, which wasn`t achieved even on brand new planes that just left the factory, not to mention under operational conditions.

No doubt that the single V-1 chaser variant you always like to pull out was faster and more efficient in turning HP into airspeed than the K, while convinently forgetting about the much more important Mustang D series, which were equal in that at best, however again one not should forget that this is hardly representative to the whole Mustang series.

I have already posted the numbers for the Mustang IV from the TK xxx series that was tested by the Brits just as well.
Well, that aircraft was also received from squadron, and was not even painted, it was pure bare metal, with the standard racks.

How much could it do ?  

354 mph at 67" (~1630 HP), and 379 mph on 81" (~1940 HP).   Hardly any better per HP than the K-4, that reached the same top speed on the same HP (378mph / ~1960 HP),.

Of course, neglecting the fact that actual thrust, unlike raw engine power outputs suggest, vary greatly to a number of factors, ie. propellor effiency, exhaust thrust, radiator thrust, testing conditions (air humidity, temperature), which, as they are unknown to us, prohibits any ability to make a serious statement about the airframe`s quality itself, for which we would need to know all those factors, ie. the total actually available thrust, the speed achieved, under the given air conditions.

Offline Nashwan

  • Silver Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 1864
109's kill ratio (all variants from B to K)
« Reply #366 on: November 19, 2003, 10:18:19 AM »
Quote
No, you are speaking of a rarer Mustang III with a very rare engine/boost combination,

Hardly rare. I believe the majority of British Mustangs were Mustang IIIs with -7 engines. But it's besides the point.

The point that I was replying to was how the speed of the Mustang compared with similar power to the 109. It wouldn't matter if this was the only Mustang that ever ran at this power to work out comparitive efficency.

Quote
It was also cleaned up, and we all know the Mustang (and Tempest)series was more effected than other planes by uneven wing surface, as it prevented true laminar flow which was the key to the extremely good drag characteristics of the wing at increasing Mach numbers. Cleaning up, for example, a Spit`s wing would yield a lot less speed gain than on the Mustang l.flow wings, as was actually shown in the tests you refer to.


I don't get your point here. Cleaning up this particular Mustang, from a very poor condition, resulted in a 12mph gain. Are you suggesting that cleaning up other planes in a similar condition would yield far less improvement?

The three planes tested were a Mustang, Spit XIV, Tempest V. The Tempest was in the best condition (paintwork "fairly poor", to quote the test), and gained 5.5mph from improved surface finish, the Spit 8.5mph ("poor condition"), the Mustang the worst ("very poor") and gained 12 mph.

The fact that the Mustang gained 12 mph from "very poor condition", and the Spit 5.5 mph from "fairly poor" shows these were not the sort of special tuning you, or Niklas, are trying to suggest.

According to Niklas, an Emil could gain 28 mph from improving the surface finish. What sort of speed would you get out of this Mustang if you improved the finish to that extent?

Quote
The core is, the laminar flow wing on the Mustang was a theory, and not a practice, as to maintain laminar flow a perfect surface would be required, which wasn`t achieved even on brand new planes that just left the factory, not to mention under operational conditions.


And wasn't achieved on this Mustang either, otherwise you would have seen a more dramatic increase after the clean-up. I mean, no ammount of polishing would make a Spit XIV wing laminar flow, so we know that the Spit's gain of 8.5 mph from improving the surface finish from "poor" didn't result in laminar flow. So improving the Mustang's from "very poor", getting a 12 mph speed gain, hardly seems out of the norm.

Quote
No doubt that the single V-1 chaser variant you always like to pull out was faster and more efficient in turning HP into airspeed than the K, while convinently forgetting about the much more important Mustang D series, which were equal in that at best, however again one not should forget that this is hardly representative to the whole Mustang series.


Isegrim, what are the details of the 109K4 speed tests? How many aircraft, what condition, corrected for temperature etc?

Quote
I have already posted the numbers for the Mustang IV from the TK xxx series that was tested by the Brits just as well.
Well, that aircraft was also received from squadron, and was not even painted, it was pure bare metal, with the standard racks.


Can we have some details on this test? Condition of aircraft, what was fitted, wether the results were corrected for standard atmosphere etc?

Quote
354 mph at 67" (~1630 HP), and 379 mph on 81" (~1940 HP). Hardly any better per HP than the K-4, that reached the same top speed on the same HP (378mph / ~1960 HP),.


So a Mustang, in unkown condition, taken from an operational squadron, was the same speed as the factory data for the 109K4? We can all guess what condition the 109K4 was, even if it was an actual test, and not calculations.

Once again, Isegrim, you trying to compare different standards. Factory figures for the 109, aircraft pulled from squadron in unknown condition for the Mustang.

Quote
On the other hand, I believe the mechanic was truthful :-) If I'd be a pilot whose mechanic invested hours and hours of work to polish my crate to a perfect finish, I'd tell him the aircraft gained 40 km/h even if it were only 10! ;-)


True, encouraging the people you work with is always a good idea, in almost any field.

Quote
By the way, in one week Willy Reschke was shot down twice, wrecking a perfectly polished Messerschmitt each time. After that, he had to fly rough aircraft because the mechanics didn't like to invest so much work in planes with such a short lifespan :-)


Do you have any idea what the typical condition of German aircraft used in flight tests was? Normal factory finish, better than normal finish, or used aircraft taken from service units? Any info on the particular tests or calculations for the K4? (the ones Isegrim uses in his speed and climb charts)

Offline Nod

  • Copper Member
  • **
  • Posts: 249
109's kill ratio (all variants from B to K)
« Reply #367 on: November 19, 2003, 10:40:57 AM »
I like pizza

Offline Angus

  • Plutonium Member
  • *******
  • Posts: 10057
109's kill ratio (all variants from B to K)
« Reply #368 on: November 19, 2003, 11:04:44 AM »
Isegrim: The majority of Mustangs in the ETO were B, C and D, the Majority if not all reveived by the RAF were C's.
Also there is a factor missing in your piece about turning Hp to Speed, - again I repeat that the Mustang is also HEAVIER. I'll try a rough calculation at what the influence of lower weight could be, but I'll need more data to get it accurate. Well, this is a long thread, maybe my data is already somewhere there, or if I can't find it, you may be able to help me.
Additionally, if I understand Niklas right, the Germans were leading in the terms of airscrew and radiator design.....
It was very interesting to carry out the flight trials at Rechlin with the Spitfire and the Hurricane. Both types are very simple to fly compared to our aircraft, and childishly easy to take-off and land. (Werner Mölders)

Offline niklas

  • Nickel Member
  • ***
  • Posts: 418
109's kill ratio (all variants from B to K)
« Reply #369 on: November 19, 2003, 02:55:40 PM »
Haven´t seen an official german document yet claiming 379mph for the serial machine.

Don´t forget that it is easier to come from 470 to 510 than from 570 to 610. Acutally, this should be clear and i´m wondering myself why even the easiest physical facts like drag increases with ~v^2 have to be mentionend. Tired.

niklas

Offline Angus

  • Plutonium Member
  • *******
  • Posts: 10057
109's kill ratio (all variants from B to K)
« Reply #370 on: November 19, 2003, 04:35:29 PM »
Hey Niklas, would you happen to have a rough equation about the influence of weight in there?
It was very interesting to carry out the flight trials at Rechlin with the Spitfire and the Hurricane. Both types are very simple to fly compared to our aircraft, and childishly easy to take-off and land. (Werner Mölders)

Offline Nashwan

  • Silver Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 1864
109's kill ratio (all variants from B to K)
« Reply #371 on: November 20, 2003, 08:03:33 AM »
Quote
Haven´t seen an official german document yet claiming 379mph for the serial machine.


By serial machine, do you mean average production, not prototype? Do you have any figures for a serial K4?

Quote
Don´t forget that it is easier to come from 470 to 510 than from 570 to 610. Acutally, this should be clear and i´m wondering myself why even the easiest physical facts like drag increases with ~v^2 have to be mentionend. Tired.


So to follow the logic, the Hurricane, max speed about 450 km/h at sea level could expect to gain about 50 km/h from cleaning up? Think of the speed the Fairy Battle could gain! Of course, following this to it's logical conclusion, you start to get to the point where a really slow aircraft could double it's speed by polishing the paintwork, which is simply ridiculous.

I think rather the gain from polishing would be lower at lower airspeeds, because the drag from rough finish is lower at lower speeds.
« Last Edit: November 20, 2003, 08:08:07 AM by Nashwan »

Offline Angus

  • Plutonium Member
  • *******
  • Posts: 10057
109's kill ratio (all variants from B to K)
« Reply #372 on: November 20, 2003, 09:03:23 AM »
Niklas, I am fully aware of the base equation, that to double the speed, you need to quadruple the power. It's a good thumb rule, but far from perfect, as our world is, - it might of course work perfectly in a perfect world :D
Or would you suggest that doubling the power in a Gladiator from 800 hp to a Merlin 60 series would have put its top level speed above 600 kph?
The airframe will always affect this, and no matter how much you studied about fluids, a Mustang equal in power and weight as a 109 will be faster. Well, it was like that......
It was very interesting to carry out the flight trials at Rechlin with the Spitfire and the Hurricane. Both types are very simple to fly compared to our aircraft, and childishly easy to take-off and land. (Werner Mölders)

Offline bozon

  • Platinum Member
  • ******
  • Posts: 6037
109's kill ratio (all variants from B to K)
« Reply #373 on: November 20, 2003, 09:31:58 AM »
Quote
Originally posted by niklas

Don´t forget that it is easier to come from 470 to 510 than from 570 to 610. Acutally, this should be clear and i´m wondering myself why even the easiest physical facts like drag increases with ~v^2 have to be mentionend. Tired.

niklas

no. using your drag~v^2, by cleaning up the airframe (improving the drag coeff) it will be easier to come from 570 to 610 then make a 470 plane go 510.

Bozon
Mosquito VI - twice the spitfire, four times the ENY.

Click!>> "So, you want to fly the wooden wonder" - <<click!
the almost incomplete and not entirely inaccurate guide to the AH Mosquito.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RGOWswdzGQs

Offline bozon

  • Platinum Member
  • ******
  • Posts: 6037
109's kill ratio (all variants from B to K)
« Reply #374 on: November 20, 2003, 09:41:07 AM »
and it doesn't even have to go like v^2 as long as the power of v is positive...

Bozon
Mosquito VI - twice the spitfire, four times the ENY.

Click!>> "So, you want to fly the wooden wonder" - <<click!
the almost incomplete and not entirely inaccurate guide to the AH Mosquito.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RGOWswdzGQs