The E6B for the P51D has it's power settings written down.. I think it might be that way for all the planes.
The people flying short-legged planes like the Bf109 will be using lower throttle/RPM settings to save fuel.. but other than that, nothing's different. No faster overheating or cooling, no difference whether how we slam our throttle or RPM about, no manual pitch control that might overrev and bust the engine, no radiator control .. nada nada - the flying and fighting is the same.