La5 Manual <web translation>

[Virage]

THE INSTRUCTION TO THE PILOT
ON ЭКСПЛОАТАЦИИ PLANE La-5 With MOTOR M-82

НКАП USSR ОБОРОНГИЗ 1942


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To all pilots making fighting flights by plane La-5, carefully to acquire and precisely to carry out all items of the present instruction in the sequence specified in it.

To schools and spare shelfs to provide purchase by pilots of firm skills and automatism in эксплоатации plane La-5 according to the given instruction.

The chief engineer of the Air Forces of Red Army the general-lieutenant of engineering-aviation service

A.Repin

On November, 13, 1942.

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PREFLIGHT SURVEY

1. Before flight to accept the report mechanics about readiness of the plane for a start.

2. To make external survey of the plane

To examine:

а) The screw — whether is not present external damages on blades and the cook of the screw.
б) Cowls of the motor — whether are closed clips of cowls, whether coupling tapes of cowls are well fixed.
в) The chassis. — whether it is normal and identical просадка both amortisation racks of the chassis normally pneumatic of wheels (обжатие 30—40 mm) are pumped up.
Whether г) There is no damage of a covering of a wing, a fuselage, tail plumage and rudders of control of airplane. Whether the cover is removed from tube Пито.
д) A crutch — whether the pneumatic (обжатие 15—20 mm) is normal просадка the amortisation rack and накачка.
The note. Whether it is necessary to check up pillow from the tunnel маслорадиатора in the winter is taken out.
5. Before landing in a cabin to examine her and to check up:

Whether а) There are no in it extraneous subjects;
Whether б) It is switched off магнето;
Whether в) Neutral gas is included;
Whether г) The trigger on a safety lock is put;
Whether д) Handle ASBR on ПЗ (the safety lock is closed) is put;
е) It is not polluted and whether it is damaged козырек.

PREPARATION FOR FLIGHT. START AND TEST OF THE MOTOR

1. After landing in a cabin of the plane to execute the following:

а) To check up, whether the trigger on a safety lock is put.
б) To check up ease of a course of the handle and pedals and correctness of a deviation of rudders.
в) To check up adjustment under the growth of sitting at the closed lantern and adjustment of foot pedals.
г) To establish триммер an elevator and триммер элерона in neutral position. Триммер a rudder of turn to establish on 5—7 mm to the left.
д) To become attached belts.

2. To check up a course of sector of normal gas.
3. To open перекрывной the crane бензосистемы (it is on a floor from the right party of sitting).

4. The sector switching of speed of a supercharger should stand in position " the First speed " (on itself доотказа).

5. Sector of change of a step of the screw to put on a small step (forward доотказа).

6. Sector of the high-altitude proof-reader to put in position "is rich" (back доотказа).

7. Draft of a forcing to extend completely on itself (position "Face value").

8. To check up, whether it is closed краник emergency release of the chassis and a crutch. Краник it is painted in red color and it is located above pump PN-1 behind.

9. To open the gate of an onboard air cylinder and to check up pressure which should be not less than 80 ат.

10. To make sure, that buttons of cranes of the chassis and flaps with inscriptions "Release" and "Rise" are put forward (to pull them on itself).

11. To check up position of щитков-flaps under the index.

12. To make sure in serviceability электросигнализацин the chassis and a crutch and the mechanical index of the chassis.

13. To check up, whether the lantern of a cabin, a shutter of cowls and заслонка маслорадиатора open freely and closed.

14. To establish a scale of a sight on zero and to check up serviceability подсвета.

15. To make sure available a stock of oxygen and in tightness of system.

1б. To check up a pressure of the accumulator on heat of bulbs of the signal system of the chassis.


Preparation of the motor for start

1. Having made sure, that ignition is switched off, to submit a command: " To turn the screw " (on 2—3 full revolutions).

The prevention. Presence of fuel or oil in the chamber of combustion of the cylinder can cause serious damages — hydraulic impact or a fire from return flash at переэаливке.

2. To fill in the cylinder of pump PN-1 заливочным gasoline, having given for this purpose 3—4 submissions плунжером (the tag of pump PN-1 should stand it is horizontal).

3. To fill бензосистему and fuel chambers of the carburettor with the help onboard альвейера, creating pressure no more than 0,5 kg / sm2.

4. To open бензокраник заливки gasoline in the throttle chamber of the carburettor. (Краник it is located in front above pump PN-1. Back краник-emergency release of the chassis and a crutch).

5. To establish sector of gas in the position corresponding of 800-900 rev/min.  


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Start of the motor

1. To submit a command: " 0т the screw ". After reception of the answer: " Is from the screw " to include the toggle-switch of the accumulator.

2. To open the gate of an onboard cylinder or to submit a command: "Air" at start from an air field cylinder and after reception of the answer: " there Is air ", — to open the starting gate on pump PN-1 (to rotate from itself).

3. After 1—1,5 revolutions of the screw to include магнето and to press the button of the vibrator (duration of pressing of the button of the vibrator 3—5 сек.).

4. At the first flashes of the motor manual альвейером to support pressure of gasoline in the carburettor (simultaneously with it injection of gasoline in the throttle chamber of the carburettor is made).

5. After start of the motor to close the air gate of pump PN-1 (to rotate on itself), to close краник заливки the throttle chamber of the carburettor and to increase number of revolutions of the motor up to 1000 in a minute.

The note. If краник заливки the throttle chamber of the carburettor it is not closed, an attribute of it is increased дымление (a black smoke on an exhaust) the motor on all modes, and consequently, and the increased charge of fuel.

6. To watch pressure of oil: on small revolutions of the motor there should be not less than 2 kg / sm2.

If after start of the motor the manometer will not show pressure of oil within 5—8 seconds, to switch off the motor.

[Virage]

Warming up of the motor

Warming up of the motor of a message on 1000 rev/min prior to the beginning of rise in temperature of leaving oil (shutters of a cowl of the motor and заслонки маслорадиатора should be closed). After that to increase number of revolutions up to 1200 in a minute and to warm up the motor until the temperature of entering oil will not reach 55—60°Ц, and temperature of heads of cylinders 120°Ц. At achievement of such temperatures the motor can be considered прогретым.
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Approbation of the motor
1. To take the handle of management on itself.
2. Smooth movement of sector of gas to increase number of revolutions up to nominal (to give sector of gas from itself up to выреза an emphasis of rated power).
The nominal indication of devices of the control of work of the motor:
   Number of revolutions......... 2400 rev/min.
   Pressurization (рк)........ 950±10 mm рт. An item.
   Pressure of oil.. 5,5—6,5 kg / sm2 Pressure of gasoline.... 0,5—0,6 kg / sm2
   To include a forcing (draft of a forcing to give completely from itself). Pressurization at a forcing 1140± 10 mm рт. An item.
3. At approbation of the motor to not hold it on full gas more than 30 сек. And to not suppose:
   Temperatures of heads of cylinders are higher 215 ° Ц;
   Temperatures of leaving oil are higher 115 ° Ц.
4. To reduce number of revolutions up to рк = 900 mm рт. An item and to check up work of the motor at variable deenergizing one of магнето. Falling of number of revolutions at work with one магнето is supposed no more than 100 in a minute.
5. To check up switching the screw from a small step on big and back in a range 2400—1300 rev/min., preliminary having cleaned sector of gas on 1/4 courses.
6. To clean sector of gas, having lowered number of revolutions up to 1300—1500 in a minute to switch the supercharger to the second speed and to check up work of the motor on the second speed (no more than one minute). Thus pressurization should increase for 30—40 mm рт. An item.
The number switching of speeds of a supercharger on the ground should be no more than two each test before flight. Since one speed it is necessary to switch to another with an interval not less than one minute (in avoidance перегрева frictional disks).
7. To clean sector of gas, having lowered number of revolutions up to 1000—1400 in a minute and to check up work of the generator on bulbs of the signal system, the chassis, having switched off the toggle-switch of the accumulator after that to include it again
8. Completely to clean sector of gas and to check up small gas. The motor should work steadily, without jolting and misses of ignition at 500—600 rev/min. Pressure of oil thus should be not lower than 2 kg / ß¼ú, pressure of gasoline — is not lower than 0,4-0,5 kg / sm2.
To check up приемистость the motor. Transition from small gas to a nominal mode should be made smoothly during 2-3 сек.

For a stop of the motor to make the following:
1. Completely to open shutters of a cowl and заслонку маслорадиатора.
2. To clean sector of gas, having lowered number of revolutions up to 1000—1200 in a minute and to sustain the motor on this mode until the temperature of a head of the cylinder will not go down up to 150-170 ° Ц.
3. To establish sector of switching of the screw on the big step (to take it completely on itself) in the winter and at number of revolutions 1700—1800 in a minute to give the motor to work during 10—15 сек; after that to clean sector of gas and to give the motor to work on 1000—1200 rev/min. Within 1—2 minutes.
4. To stop the motor, for what to put sector of the manual high-altitude proof-reader in position "Останов" (forward доотказа) to switch off ignition and smoothly to submit sector of gas completely from itself.
5. To switch off the accumulator.
6. To put sector of the manual high-altitude proof-reader in position "is rich" (completely on itself).
The note. At a short-term stop of the motor it is recommended to leave sector of the manual high-altitude proof-reader in position "Останов" and at the next start, simultaneously with inclusion of ignition, to transfer sector of the manual high-altitude proof-reader in position "Richly". (thus fuel is filled in in the motor from the chamber of a pomp приемистости the carburettor that facilitates start of the motor. In this case the motor can be started without заливки).

[Virage]

Check and preparation of radio station
To check work of radio station by planes it is necessary from the air field accumulator.
For check of radio station of the plane it is necessary.
1. To check up adjustment шлемофона and ларингофонов.
2. To attach a cord шлемофона to demountable колодке.
3. A plug with inscription "ТЛФ" (phone) to attach to the receiver and if by the plane the send-receive radio station is established, to include a plug of phone in corresponding jacks microtelephone щитка.
4. To include toggle-switch " Radio " on электрощитке.
5. To put the switch (reception-transfer) on microphonic щитке in position "ПРМ" (reception).
6. To make sure in serviceability of the receiver on presence of characteristic noise in phone.
7. To establish the set working wave of communication on a scale of a radio receiver (establishes radio engineerings).
8. To arrange the receiver on a wave of a radio transmitter with which it will be kept in contact in flight.
9. After check and adjustments of the receiver to switch off toggle-switch " Radio ".
10. If by the plane the transmitter the switch on microtelephone щитке to switch in position „ПРД" (transfer) is established also and to make sure in work умформера the transmitter (FLEECES - 30) on its uniform buzz.
11. In 1 minute to make trial transfer.

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RISE Руление
1. To submit a command „ To clean колодки " and, having received a signal " Колодки are removed ", to begin руление.
The prevention. In the winter before выруливанием to clean a pillow from the tunnel маслорадиатора.
2. Заслонку маслорадиатора to open depending on temperature of leaving oil.
3. To the best review ahead of Laying district to apply руление змейкой.
4. To check up action of brakes on рулении.
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Preparation for rise
1. To make sure, that the sector of management is established by step of the screw in extreme forward position (a small step).
2. To open shutters of a cowl and заслонку маслорадиатора depending on temperature.
3. To brake wheels and to test work of the motor up to a mode, at which else hold brakes (it is necessary and for прожигания свечей).
4. To check up indications of temperatures. The temperature of heads of cylinders should be not higher 205°Ц and is not lower 120°Ц; temperature of leaving oil 55—90°Ц.
5. To make sure in absence of obstacles in a strip of rise.
Rise is forbidden:
   а) At revolutions of the motor than 2350 rev/min and more than 2400 rev/min there are less.
   б) At temperature головзк than cylinders is higher 205 ° or is lower 120°Ц.
   в) At temperature of oil on an output is lower 55°Ц.

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Flight and ascent

If necessary reductions of length of start before rise to let out щитки on 15-20 °, to include a forcing and smoothly to give full gas.
1. Maintaining a direction to lift a tail, having submitted the handle from itself and to fly up with полуопущенным a tail. The tendency of the plane to deployment to the left to parry the right leg.
2. After отрыва the plane from the ground to sustain it till the speed 250 км1час then to pass to ascent.
3. To clean the chassis, having checked up cleaning on alarm bulbs and mechanical indexes.
4. To remove pressure upon the handle триммером an elevator and to increase speed of a set till 275 km / hour.
5. To switch off a forcing (if it is not necessary) at height of 100-150 m. (To use a forcing than 5 minutes are authorized no more).
6. At ascent to hold the optimal speeds (on the device):
  From the ground up to 2000 m 275 km / hour
From 2000 up to 3000 m 270 km / hour
From 3000 up to 4000 m 265 km / hour
From 4000 up to 5000 m 260 km / hour
From 5000 up to 6000 m 260 km / hour
From 6000 up to 7000 m 250 km / hour
From 7000 up to 8000 m 240 km / hour
From 8000 up to 9000 m 230 km / hour
Above 9000 m 210—220 km / hour

7. At ascent of 3500 m to include the second speed of a supercharger. To clean sector of gas, having lowered number of revolutions up to 1900-2000 in a minute, smoothly to include the second speed then again to give full gas.
8. At ascent in case of occurrence дымления and joltings of the motor to use the manual high-altitude proof-reader.
9. At ascent to not suppose temperature of heads of cylinders is higher 250 ° (within no more than 15 minutes), and temperature of oil is higher 125 ° (within no more than 5 minutes). In a case перегрева the motor to increase a step of the screw up to 2300 rev/min and to gain height.
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[Virage]

HORIZONTAL FLIGHT

1. Horizontal flight at all heights is necessary for making on speeds not less than 250 km / hour on the device.
2. For achievement of the greater duration of flight by sector of gas to establish 1600—1860 rev/min, pressurization of a hg of 400-500 mm. The screw should be established on the big step. Thus to hold speeds (on the device):
Up to height of 4000 m — 320—300 km / hour
Above 4000 m — 300-250
3. At heights it is more than 3500 m to make flight for economy of fuel on the first speed of a supercharger.
4. In case of using in flight by the manual high-altitude proof-reader (in view of absence of the index of quality of a mix) position of sector of the high-altitude proof-reader to select to external attributes of work of the motor (absence of jolting of the motor, a non-uniform exhaust and дымления) and on temperature of heads of cylinders as follows:
а) To establish a mode of horizontal flight on the set speed;
б) Slowly and smoothly to submit forward sector of the high-altitude proof-reader before occurrence of faults in work of the motor;
в) To clean the high-altitude proof-reader before equal work of the motor;
г) To leave sector in this position and to observe of work of the motor.
At correct selection of position of the high-altitude proof-reader the motor will work equally, trouble-free and дымления. If after a while it starts to be noticed потряхивание the motor, exhausts in the carburettor, rise in temperature of heads of the cylinder means a working mix is poor. To clean sector of the high-altitude proof-reader on itself and to hold it in this position, the normal operating mode of the motor will not be established yet. After that sector of the high-altitude proof-reader законтрить a pin.
д) Continuous дымление the motor owing to strong переобогащения structure of a mix it is necessary to eliminate opening of the high-altitude proof-reader without dependence from height of flight.
4а. To adjust normal temperature of heads of cylinders and oils in the established mode of flight.
Periodically to watch the indication of the devices supervising work of the motor. Indications should be the following:
Temperature of entering oil:
Recommended 65-75°Ц
Maximal 85 ° Ц, no more than 5 minutes.
Temperature of heads of cylinders:
Recommended 200—210 ° Ц
Maximal 215 ° Ц
Pressure of oil of 5,5-6,5 kg / sm2, gasoline of 0,5-0,6 kg / sm2
In horizontal flight to not suppose temperature of heads of cylinders is lower 120°Ц.
5. To prepare arms: to remove a trigger of guns from a safety lock
6. To include toggle-switch " Radio ".
7. To put the switch of a microtelephone board in position "ПРД", in 1—2 minutes to cause ground station and to establish communication. For transition to reception the switch to establish in position "ПРМ".
8. To conduct the general orientation, maintaining the set route on a compass and hours, specifying the valid site on characteristic ground reference points. The general orientation at flight in I build pilots should conduct both conducting, and conducted.
9. Under the atmospheric conditions promoting an icing to include heating tube Пито.
At a meeting with the opponent for achievement of the maximal speed of flight it is necessary:
1. To clean sector of the high-altitude proof-reader.
2. At height of flight it is more 3500 m to include second speed of a supercharger.
3. To give full gas, thus the number of revolutions in a minute should be equal 2400.
4. To close a lantern of a cabin that will increase speed at 10 km / hour.
5. To cover shutters of cowls and заслонку маслорадиатора before position „ on a stream " (at their full opening the maximal speed is reduced at 30-35 km / hour).
6. To include a forcing (continuously to use a forcing at рк, equal 1140 mm рт. The item, is authorized no more than 5 minutes).
7. To watch indications of thermometers, not supposing rise in temperature of heads of cylinders is higher 215 ° Ц, and temperatures of oil are higher 125 ° Ц.
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[Virage]

PILOTAGE
Before performance of aerobatic manoeuvres: loops, loops Шавиара, ранверсмана, иммельмана and hills, триммером a rudder of depth to create to the plane кабрирующий the moment on a mode of the maximal horizontal speed.
Bend
The bend by the plane is made for the speed 330—340 km / hour. The plane on a bend is steady. At pulling the handle on a bend there is a rocking the plane from a wing on a wing. At sharp pulling the handle failure in a corkscrew is possible. The rearrangement of the plane from a bend in a bend occurs quickly. On элероны the plane is obedient. Loading on the handle of management from элеронов is a little bit great. In case of loss of speed on a bend and сваливания on a wing it is necessary to give the handle from itself and to deduce the plane in horizontal flight.
Dive
Input in a dive is made from a turn or from revolution. The dive is authorized to make till the speed 625 km / hour on the device. The plane dives steadily both with gas and without gas. Tendencies to deployment or a tightening in a dive are not present. At a dive to not suppose number of revolutions is higher 2600 in a minute during no more 30 сек. In order to prevent promotion of the screw.
To not suppose on a dive of cooling of heads of cylinders is lower 120 ° Ц.
Fighting turn
Fighting turns are carried out normally. On a fighting turn the plane behaves steadily. The fighting turn is carried out for speed of input 450 km / hour. At an output from a turn to hold speed 250 km / hour.
Revolution
Revolution is carried out for the speed 250 km / hour by smooth movement of the handle. Speed on a conclusion 350—370 km / hour. Loss of height for revolution of 700-800 m.
Sliding
The plane steadily, without deployment aside slidings slides, at a roll till 40-45 °. Speed of input in sliding 230—240 km / hour. Speed conclusion - not less than 220 км1час.
The eight
The eight to do for the speed 320 km / hour on the device. Technics of its performance same, as well as a normal bend. Time of performance of the eight - 45—50 сек.
Spiral
Spiral carry out, completely having cleaned sector of gas, with a roll no more than 45 °, for the speed 280—300 km / hour on the device. To enter into a spiral smoothly and to carry out her the same as also a bend, up to 45 °.
The plane adjusted with insignificant кабрированием on the maximal horizontal speed, during performance of a spiral slightly "hangs" on the handle.
Loop
The loop is carried out in horizontal flight without loss of height for the speed 460-480 km / hour. At performance of a loop it is not necessary to draw the handle on itself as differently the plane can fall down a wing or make spontaneous иммельман.
After transition of the top point of a loop to enable the plane to gain speed 350—370 km / hour then smoothly to deduce it in horizontal flight.
Loop Шавиара
For performance of loop Шавиара it is a little to lower the plane and to disperse it till the speed 460 km / hour on the device.
At input in a loop it is necessary to create simultaneously, a roll about 45 °. Further loop Шавиара is carried out the same as also a normal loop, but during performance her it is necessary to keep an initial roll.
Differences between right and left loops Шавиара are not present. Deduce the plane from a loop for the speed 370—380 km / hour on the device. The loop is carried out without loss of height.
Time of performance of 26-28 seconds.
Иммельман
For performance иммельмана, it is a little having lowered the plane, to disperse it till the speed 500 km / hour on the device. Rate выбирания handles on itself in the first part иммельмана same, as well as at performance of a loop up to the top point. At achievement of the top point when the plane will be in position " on a back ", and the line of a cowl of the motor at a level of horizon to give a leg and the handle in that party in which it is desirable to turn the plane.
For performance right иммельмана the handle to give smoothly доотказа to the right, simultaneously smoothly to give the right leg on a half-course.
For performance left иммельмана the handle vigorously to give completely to the left; simultaneously vigorously to give the left leg доотказа.
After revolution to put rudders in neutral position to keep the plane from the further rotation, to give the handle a little in a underside and to choose her insignificantly on itself, not allowing the plane to lower a nose.
Speed at an output from иммельмана 220—230 km / hour on the device. Ascent for иммельман 800—900 m.
Time of performance of 15-17 seconds.
Corkscrew
By the plane the controlled corkscrew is possible only. With rudders, недобранными half, the plane штопорит it is languid; with the rudders taken completely on a corkscrew, a corkscrew more vigorous.
At выбирании handles in horizontal flight the plane in a corkscrew does not enter, and for the speed 180 km / hour falls on a nose. At pulling the handle on a bend if gas is not removed, the plane in a corkscrew does not enter, and does полубочки.
With the removed gas, at pulling the handle, the plane on a bend buries a nose.
Conclusion of the plane from a corkscrew (for all heights)
1. At failure in a corkscrew to not choose the handle on itself, and to hold her about neutral position.
2. For a conclusion from a corkscrew all over again to give a return leg доотказа and after this to give the handle from itself in neutral position.
3. After the termination of rotation of the plane immediately to put legs neutrally, and the handle to hold from itself in position ahead of neutral.
Gained speed 350—370 km / hour, smoothly to leave in horizontal flight, parrying the tendency of the plane to too fast output a dive.
4. If at a conclusion from a dive the plane throws from a wing on a wing, means the handle is drawn; to give the handle from itself and to deduce more smoothly
Hill
Горку to carry out on the maximal speed of horizontal flight. After dispersal of the plane smoothly to choose the handle on itself and to establish a corner of rise about 60 °. Speed on a hill after a capture of the plane on rise it is not necessary to suppose less than 250 km / hour on the device. At achievement of speed 270 km / hour on the device smoothly to wring out the handle the plane in horizontal flight or in a turn with a small roll at 15-20 ° in the desirable party, watching that speed was not less than 250 km / hour on the device.
Ascent for горку about 1000 m. Time of performance of 12-15 seconds.
Ранверсман
For performance ранверсмана since the maximal speed of horizontal flight, smoothly choosing the handle on itself to finish the plane with position concerning horizon on 70-80 °. At reduction of speed till 230-220 km / hour on the device completely to clean sector of gas and if it is carried out left ранверсман, to give the left leg and simultaneously the handle slightly to the right and from itself. If it is carried out right ранверсман, on the contrary, to give the right leg and simultaneously the handle slightly to the left and from itself. The plane will wear out a tail, rolls over and passes in a dive in the opposite direction.
Speed of a conclusion 350—370 km / hour on the device.
Differences between right and left ранверсманом are not present.
Loss of height, considering from the top point ранверсмана up to an output in horizontal flight after a dive; makes about 700 m.
Time of performance of 38-40 seconds.

[Virage]

Flank
To flank carry out for the speed 300 km / hour on the device without loss of height.
The right flanks are carried out more vigorously, left slowly and with the big radius.
For performance right flanks it is necessary to take slightly the handle on itself (to lift a nose of the plane on 10-15 °), to give the right leg on 3/4 courses and simultaneously the handle доотказа to the right.
MANAGEMENT OF ARMS IN AIR
Стрелково-gun arms
1. Shooting to make short turns.
2. In case of a delay at shooting to make one-two перезаряжания by pressing a trigger пневмоперезарядки. Перезарядку to do with endurance of 1-2 seconds and to continue shooting.
3. At spontaneous shooting synchronous downs СШ-20 to make пневмоперезарядку her.
Notes: 1. Synchronous shooting can be conducted on various modes of revolutions of the motor from 1300 up to 2400 rev/min.
2. In order to prevent a lumbago of the screw to not suppose перегрева guns ШВАК.
3. Aim fire can be conducted on distances from 50 up to 500 m.
Bombing arms
1. Before bombing to put the handle of an emergency tripper device on „ the Safety lock it is open ".
2. Having pressed the button located on the handle of management to make bombing.
3. To check up сбрасывание bombs on the light signal system (both white bulbs which are taking place on a control panel, should go out).
THE TERMINATION OF FLIGHT
Coming nearer to the air station, it is necessary:
1. To transfer the screw to a small step.
2. If the second speed of a supercharger is established, to switch a supercharger to the first speed.
3. To cover shutters of a cowl and заслонку маслорадиатора.
4. At the approach to the air station to open a lantern of a cabin and strongly to put it on the deputy.
5. After preparation for landing to let out the chassis.
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Release of the chassis and crutch
1. The chassis to let out for the speed 300-320 km / hour. For release of the chassis to press the button of the crane of the chassis located at the left under sector of gas, with an inscription "Release".
2. On burning green bulbs and by position of mechanical indexes to check up, whether it is completely let out by the chassis.
3. In case of a delay of release of the chassis to achieve full release, again pressing on the button.
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Planning
1. Перейдя on planning, completely to clean gas.
2. To cover shutters of cowls, not supposing temperature of heads of cylinders is lower 120 ° Ц.
3. On a turn at planning the minimal speed should be not less than 250 km / hour.
4. Before release щитков to create pressure upon the handle (кабрирующий the moment) триммером an elevator.
5. To let out щитки, having pressed on the button with an inscription the "Release", taking place on the bottom panel of a control panel.
6. To check up release щитков under the index.
7. In case of a delay of release again to press the button.
8. To establish speed of planning with let out щитками 200—210 km / hour.
9. To remove loading from the handle of management триммером an elevator.
10. Speed on planning without щитков to hold 210—220 km / hour.
11. At landing at night and at absence of air field illumination to include from height of 70-80 m a landing headlight.
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LEAVING ON THE SECOND CIRCLE
1. In case of need leaving on the second circle smoothly to give full gas.
2. After a set of speed 230—240км1час at height of 100 m to clean щитки and to start to gain height. Flight with let out щитками to make on speed no more than 280 km / hour.
LANDING
1. Alignment of the plane to begin at height of 6-8 m, and speed at approach the ground to reduce till 200 km / hour. To finish alignment it is necessary at height in 1 m.
2. The plane to put on three points. The handle of control of airplane to gather additionally completely on itself.
It is forbidden vigorous добирание handles on run in all cases of landing of the plane (on wheels, on three points) in order to prevent soaring up and сваливания the plane on a wing.
3. To brake after landing it is necessary on run when the pilot is convinced, that the plane has landed on three points, the handle smoothly добрана on itself доотказа, and the plane keeps straightforwardness of run (braking to begin with second half of length of run). To not suppose sharp and big movements of pedals of a rudder of turn at braking as thus the plane starts to ransack and change a direction of run.
At landing to a soft and viscous ground brakes to use cautiously.
4. At заруливании after the termination of run completely to clean щитки.
5. To put a trigger on a safety lock.
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[Virage]

STOP OF THE MOTOR
1. Completely to open shutters of a cowl of the motor and совок маслорадиатора.
2. To cool the motor for what to reduce number of revolutions of the motor up to 1000—1200 in a minute and to maintain the motor on this mode until the temperature of heads of the cylinder will not go down up to 150—170 ° Ц.
3. To establish sector of switching of the screw on the big step (to take it completely on itself) in the winter and at number of revolutions 1700—1800 in a minute to give the motor to work during 10—15 сек.; after that to clean sector of gas and to give the motor to work on 1000—1200 rev/min within 1—2 minutes.
4. To stop the motor for what the lever of management the high-altitude proof-reader to transfer in extreme forward position, that corresponds to position "Останов" of an emergency brake then to switch off ignition and smoothly to transfer the handle of normal gas forward.
5. To switch off the accumulator. After flight it is necessary:
   1. To report to the engineer (technics of a link) on work of the motor, the plane, arms and the special equipment in the given flight.
   2. To instruct mechanics of the plane in elimination of defects available on the plane.

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The head of department
Technical эксплоатации Air Forces КА the general-major
Engineering-aviation service
Шу льговский.

The chief of scientific research institute of Air Forces КА the general-major of engineering-aviation service
Лосюков. On November, 10 1942 г
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THE MAINTENANCE

Page.

Preflight survey....................... ..... 3
Preparation for flight. Start and test of the motor.... 4
Preparation of the motor for start.................... 6
Start of the motor........................ .......... 6
Warming up of the motor........................ ......... 8
Approbation of the motor........................ ..... 8
Check and preparation of radio station............ 11
Rise......................... ................. 12
Руление............................. .......... 12
Preparation for rise......................... .. 13
Flight and ascent....................... ... 14
Horizontal flight....................... ... 15
Pilotage..................... .................. 19
Bend......................... ................ 19
Dive......................... ........ 19
Fighting turn......................... ...... 20
Revolution................... .................. 20
Sliding...................... .............. 20
The eight........................ ............. 20
Spiral....................... ................ 21
Loop......................... ................ 21
Loop Шавиара............................. .... 21
Иммельман............................. ........ 22
Corkscrew.................... .................... 23
Conclusion of the plane from a corkscrew (for all heights)..... 23
Hill......................... ................ 24
Ранверсман............................. ....... 24
Flank........................ ................. 25
Management of arms in воадухе.............. 26
Стрелково-gun arms................. 26
Bombing arms................... 26
The termination of flight....................... ....... 27
Release of the chassis and crutch....................... . 27
Emergency release of the chassis and crutch.............. 28
Planning..................... ............. 28
Leaving on the second circle....................... .... 29
Landing...................... ................. 29
Stop of the motor........................ ...... 30