Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
Why do most people when arguing the constitution only include the part of the amedment that supports their personal view? You have a catch-22 in the second statement:
"or prohibiting the free exercise thereof"
We the People are the government. So those we elect to represent our interests are of us, and we should know their religious backgrounds before we elect them. (Or we should know). The oath of office does not prohibit members of the government from practicing their religion while in office. Or even openly basing their decisions upon the tennets of their religion. They are prohibited from making their branch of religion the national religion of the U.S.
"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion"
This statement makes the establishmnet of a National religion by congress a violation of the constitution. It does not forbid the practice of religion in the public arena or privately. And practicing religion in almost all religions encompasses talking about it in public, using words and phrases of said religion as a daily part of ones life....this can go on and on. It's funny how the third part protecting the freedom of speech tends to be forgotten these days when it comes to religion. Guess free speech is only free to secularists and stateists in the year 2005 of our Lord.
"or abridging the freedom of speech"
Religion has that awfull problem of being communicated by the faithfull as speech. So unless the United States has passed hate speech laws like the UK and Philidelphia has recently, I think religious speech is protected by the freedom of speech section. Just like if you don't care to hear several gentelmen of the other persuasion bragging about the boyfreinds they did last night, you are free to walk away or not listen. They in turn have the same freedom if they don't like hearing you talk about the bible. There is no right in the constitution to not be offended by what you hear. <---"or abridging the freedom of speech"
As for the school, unless it is a private school and you are paying for your child to learn God's plan, the teacher should not be teaching God's plan in place of science.
As for jefferson's "wall", his style of writing kind of leaves what inspired his choice of words up to interpretation. Jefferson was not a christian. He was a bit more of a secularist/natural deist. You might construe that he saw the Church as another form of tyranny and a hiderance to the independant natural developmant of a mans mind and spirit. He deplored goverments intrusions into the private lives of the people, Statism\Federalism. The Church can be looked on with this same suspicion in essence having hold of the hearts and minds of free men.