Author Topic: Spitfire Vb: Did it carry 120 rnds OR 240 rnds of Cannons?  (Read 9134 times)

Offline Gianlupo

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Spitfire Vb: Did it carry 120 rnds OR 240 rnds of Cannons?
« Reply #60 on: October 19, 2005, 06:31:42 AM »
Karnak, thanks for the reply... I didn't notice that you've already said in your post that Malan supported cannons, sorry... :p

I have a question about Leighton's book, but, looking at what started after my last one, maybe it's better if I take it for me.... :D
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Offline Crumpp

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Spitfire Vb: Did it carry 120 rnds OR 240 rnds of Cannons?
« Reply #61 on: October 19, 2005, 06:50:59 AM »
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No Crumpp, just reality unlike Axis fanbois who make up excuses for the LW's dismail failure during BoB. They cry that the Americans had 2000 a/c (bombers and fighters) over Germany but love to forget that the Germans had bombers and fighters over southern England. Love that double standard.


Everything I have posted has come from current facts with posted references.

Your claim of:

Quote
The 109s did pretty good? Not with 51.5% of the LW casualities being 109s and out numbering the Spits and Hurries of 11 Group by at least 2:1. (11 Group being the main combat area)


Is a clearly a gross exaggeration.  You were not comparing total aircraft.  You claimed that the 109 outnumbered the Spitfires and Hurricanes 2:1.

Your wrong.  Don't go throwing up a strawman or change the subject.

In comparision of total aircraft, yes the Luftwaffe had more.  They did not have the overwhelming mass required to win a war of attrition.

Luftwaffe:

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At the start of the battle, the Luftwaffe had 2,500 planes that were serviceable and in any normal day, the Luftwaffe could put up over 1,600 planes.


The RAF:

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The RAF had 1,200 planes on the eve of the battle which included 800 Spitfires and Hurricanes - but only 660 of these were serviceable.


http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/battleofbritain.htm

At the height of the battle the Luftwaffe had 2:1 if we include all planes of all types and do not have a reserve.

The allies learned this lesson well from the German experience clearly demonstrating it in 1944.

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Another phenomenon is important for the air commander to understand: Loss rates vary disproportionately with the ratio of forces involved. Two forces equal in numbers (and reasonably close in equipment and flying capability) will tend to have equal losses when they meet. Keeping the same equipment and personnel, as the force ratios go against one side, that side will have greater loss rates than the changed ratio would suggest. Conversely, for the side for which the force ratios become more favorable, loss rates will fall more than the ratios would indicate. The change in loss rates, either positive or negative, is not linear; it is exponential. Furthermore, no point of diminishing returns for the larger force seems to exist. That is, the larger the force gets, the fewer losses it suffers, and the greater losses it imposes on its opponent.79


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On 11 January 1944, the American air force attacked a target deep in Germany with a force of 238 bombers and 49 escorting fighters. The Germans opposed it with 207 fighters. Losses were 34 bombers. Just over a month later, on 19 February, a force of 941 bombers escorted by 700 fighters met German opposition of about 250 fighters. In this encounter, the Americans lost just 21 bombers -- a lower absolute number and a lower percentage.


http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/warden/wrdchp04.htm

Angus, please read:

http://www.quarry.nildram.co.uk/WW2guneffect.htm

All the best,

Crumpp
« Last Edit: October 19, 2005, 07:00:44 AM by Crumpp »

Offline Kurfürst

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Spitfire Vb: Did it carry 120 rnds OR 240 rnds of Cannons?
« Reply #62 on: October 19, 2005, 06:58:27 AM »
Quote
Originally posted by Angus
So the LW lost 1200 + or even 1400+ to the .303!


That claim is very doubtful, given that the usually qouted LW losses contain the non-enemy losses to accidents, aging etc. as well. There's also the British AAA, which was quite numerous around airfileds and London and surely took some toll on the bombers. I have some data, for example 40% of the LW bomber losses usually qouted is more non-combat reasons. Taxying accidents, for example.
The Messerschmitt Bf 109 Performance Resource Site
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Offline Meyer

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Spitfire Vb: Did it carry 120 rnds OR 240 rnds of Cannons?
« Reply #63 on: October 19, 2005, 07:07:34 AM »
Quote
Originally posted by Angus
So the LW lost 1200 + or even 1400+ to the .303!
Depends on which exact period is looked into.
 


oh well, if you look in the whole ww2 may be true  :rolleyes:

Offline MiloMorai

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Spitfire Vb: Did it carry 120 rnds OR 240 rnds of Cannons?
« Reply #64 on: October 19, 2005, 08:15:51 AM »
Keep on making excuses for the dismal failure of the LW during BoB Crumpp.

Here is another good link for you to look at, http://www.raf.mod.uk/bob1940/units.html

Please look at the Group maps and tell me how many of those airfields could supply fighter a/c to the air battles over south-east England (11 Group area). The RAF FC did not commit all their fighters to the air battles over south-east England, at one time, while the LW sure put their 109s to full use.

It also has a listing of the LW units and maps of their airfields.

Please read more carefully, for I said 11 Group, not the whole of RAF FC.

On Aug 13, the LW had 24  Jagdgruppen with 891 109s in Luftflotte 2 and 3.

On Sept 7, the LW had 26 Jagdgruppen with 787 109s in Luftflotte 2 and 3.

That looks mighty close to at least 2:1 over 11 Group which had 24 squadrons with 384 fighters (includes 2 sqd of Blenheims). So a gross exageration, nope.

You also forget the battle (BoB) was between RAF fighters and LW bombers and fighters.

You should really find some better i-net references.

Offline Squire

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Spitfire Vb: Did it carry 120 rnds OR 240 rnds of Cannons?
« Reply #65 on: October 19, 2005, 08:53:17 AM »
*Never said the 303 was "great", 20mm cannon would be great. MGs were average.

*The RAF on September 15th 1940 sortied @300 fighters from 11 and 12 Groups. Constant ascertions that the LW fighters were outnumbered is baseless in fact. You guys always quote the entire RAF Fighter Force, including those based in Scotland and N. Ireland to make it look like the RAF went up daily with 600 fighters over London. Thats just patently false.

*The Hurricanes and Spits were targetting LW bombers (He-111, Do-17, Ju-88, Ju-87), and thet shot down more LW combat planes then they lost, despite being outnumbered much of the time.

*Nobody said the 109 couldnt hold its own. It was the best fighter in the BoB along with the Spitfire, and perhaps better.  It had a fine record for what it was asked to do.

Finally I will say that the most important "matchup" in the BoB was this: He-111 vs Hurricane.  The rest was a supporting sideshow. It was not a duel between a Spit I and a 109E in mid channel.

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Offline Crumpp

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Spitfire Vb: Did it carry 120 rnds OR 240 rnds of Cannons?
« Reply #66 on: October 19, 2005, 09:19:42 AM »
LOL Milo,

Good attempt to make the Luftwaffe's limited range seem like a disadvantage for the RAF!!

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The RAF FC did not commit all their fighters to the air battles over south-east England, at one time, while the LW sure put their 109s to full use.


Haven't we hashed this out before?  You do know that some were kept in the east and Germany?

The Germans threw everything had available.  That does not mean aircraft being used to defend other frontiers.

Luftflotte 2, 3 and 5 are NOT the entire Luftwaffe.

http://www.raf.mod.uk/bob1940/luftorg.html

http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/2072/Aug40.html#13Aug

Lets see who was stationed at Group 11:

http://www.raf.mod.uk/bob1940/11group.html

It's kind of funny that the RAF does not claim the rest of the Groups sat out the battle.  Why are you??  Guess it does not fit your agenda huh?

They clearly designate rest and refit areas:

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Tern Hill was one of the 12 Group airfields used for resting units, and as a training airfield and maintneance depot. It was used as a relief landing ground and as a temporary base for night fighters operating against raids on Liverpool and cities in the north midlands.


The rest of Group 12 was participating in the BoB!

http://www.raf.mod.uk/bob1940/12group.html#leconfield

So wasn't Group 10 fighting the Luftwaffe:

http://www.raf.mod.uk/bob1940/10group.html

Even Group 13 got in on the action!

http://www.raf.mod.uk/bob1940/13group.html

Facts are your claim of the 109's outnumbering the RAF fighters 2:1 is nothing more than a fabrication.  You made a gross exaggeration based on the faulty assumption only Group 12 participated in the BoB.

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You should really find some better i-net references.


Looks like the RAF numbers agree with the rest of the sources numbers.  They should as I took some time to research multiple sights.  I just found some that give more complete breakdown to disprove your gross exaggeration.

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By the beginning of July 1940, the RAF had built up its strength to 640 fighters, but the Luftwaffe had 2600 bombers and fighters.


Just some slight statistical manipulation to make things look a little better.  No harm no foul.

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At the start of the battle, the Luftwaffe had 2,500 planes that were serviceable and in any normal day, the Luftwaffe could put up over 1,600 planes.



Quote
he RAF had 1,200 planes on the eve of the battle which included 800 Spitfires and Hurricanes - but only 660 of these were serviceable.


http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/battleofbritain.htm

I think you should study up before making wild claims.  The Luftwaffe had numerical superiority counting all planes of just a tad over 2:1.  It did not have a 2:1 fighter advantage nor did it have anything remotely near the numerical advantage the allies in the skies of 1944.

There was a numerical parity in single engine fighter numbers between RAF and the Luftwaffe.  The ratio is more like 1.25:1.

All the best,

Crumpp

Offline Crumpp

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Spitfire Vb: Did it carry 120 rnds OR 240 rnds of Cannons?
« Reply #67 on: October 19, 2005, 09:26:02 AM »
Quote
Constant ascertions that the LW fighters were outnumbered is baseless in fact.


Another gross exaggeration.  Please point out where anywhere in this thread that claim is made??

The numbers of RAF single engine fighters quoted as participating come from the RAF.

The numbers of Luftwaffe serviceable single engine fighters come from the Luftwaffe.

No where in this thread does anybody claim the Luftwaffe was outnumbered.  

The claim being disputed is :

Quote
Milo says:
The 109s did pretty good? Not with 51.5% of the LW casualities being 109s and out numbering the Spits and Hurries of 11 Group by at least 2:1. (11 Group being the main combat area)


Gross exaggeration that just did not happen.  11 Group was hardly the only RAF Group participating in the Battle as the RAF clearly states.  11th Group simply landed in the main combat area.  

All the best,

Crumpp
« Last Edit: October 19, 2005, 10:23:19 AM by Crumpp »

Offline Kev367th

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Spitfire Vb: Did it carry 120 rnds OR 240 rnds of Cannons?
« Reply #68 on: October 19, 2005, 09:52:48 AM »
Short of draining the English Channel I don't believe there is ANY way of finding out the actually numbers of kills for both sides.

Both sides overclaimed victories to the point if German figures had been correct, in the first few weeks the RAF would have been down to a few dozen aircraft.
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Offline Karnak

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Spitfire Vb: Did it carry 120 rnds OR 240 rnds of Cannons?
« Reply #69 on: October 19, 2005, 10:05:04 AM »
The RAF underclaimed in the first month actually, then massively overclaimed for the rest of it.  The Germans staggeringly overclaimed for the whole of it and their intelligence people believed the numbers being claimed, thus the assertions that the RAF was down to it'd last 60 Spitfires prior to the Sept. 15th, 1940 raids.
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Offline Crumpp

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Spitfire Vb: Did it carry 120 rnds OR 240 rnds of Cannons?
« Reply #70 on: October 19, 2005, 10:12:26 AM »
Quote
Both sides overclaimed victories to the point if German figures had been correct, in the first few weeks the RAF would have been down to a few dozen aircraft.


Faulty intelligence and some good deception on the part of the RAF was a major contributor to defeating the Luftwaffe.

If both Fighter Command and the Luftwaffe's claims had been reality, both air forces would have been destroyed.

To prevent the "overclaiming" problems of the BoB, the RLM instituted more stringent confirmation standards.  

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It frequently took more than a year for confirmations to be awarded by Berlin, and it appears that no claim filed after November, 1944, was ever confirmed.


http://www.lesbutler.ip3.co.uk/jg26/claims.htm

I imagine the allies also took measures to avoid making the same mistake the Germans did.

All the best,

Crumpp
« Last Edit: October 19, 2005, 10:19:51 AM by Crumpp »

Offline hitech

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Spitfire Vb: Did it carry 120 rnds OR 240 rnds of Cannons?
« Reply #71 on: October 19, 2005, 11:23:11 AM »
Assuming Crumps Numbers of 18 and 15.8 Degrees per sec.

that is a gain of 2.2 degs per sec.

From a head to head merge to gain 180 degs would be 180 / 2.2 = 81 secs.

Fw time per circle = 360 / 18 = 20 secs.

So would only take aprox 4 circles not 177.

If fw was behind the LA would be apreox 8 circles.


HiTech

Offline MiloMorai

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Spitfire Vb: Did it carry 120 rnds OR 240 rnds of Cannons?
« Reply #72 on: October 19, 2005, 11:52:31 AM »
Since you having problems Crumpp:

On Aug 13, the LW had 24 Jagdgruppen with 891 109s in Luftflotte 2 and 3.

On Sept 7, the LW had 26 Jagdgruppen with 787 109s in Luftflotte 2 and 3.
 
Luftflotte 2 and 3 area of operations was from France, Belgium and Holland. Is that in the east and Germany? If you really had checked, you would have seen I removed the numbers of 109s from Luftflotte 5 and that there was no 109s in Holland.

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Good attempt to make the Luftwaffe's limited range seem like a disadvantage for the RAF!!
How did you arrive at such a conclusion?

Quote
It's kind of funny that the RAF does not claim the rest of the Groups sat out the battle. Why are you?? Guess it does not fit your agenda huh?
The RAF FC did not commit all their fighters to the air battles over south-east England, at one time, while the LW sure put their 109s to full use. Do you see anywhere in that statemant that I claimed that some of RAF FC sat out the battle? No just that RAF FC did not commit all their a/c.

What agenda are you yapping about?

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The Germans threw everything had available.
Glad you agree that the LW used the 787 to 891 109s they had available in Luftflotte 2 and 3. I would call that full use.

When the LW came over on mass, 11 Group was the where the fighters came from to oppose them. Some units from 10 and 12 Groups helped when the 11 Group a/c had to return to base. 10 and 12 Groups were support Groups to take up the slack.

It is you Crumpp that has to should study up so you don't arrive at more of your erronious conclusions.

Nice to see you are using better reference sources, the ones I supplied.

Offline Angus

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Spitfire Vb: Did it carry 120 rnds OR 240 rnds of Cannons?
« Reply #73 on: October 19, 2005, 12:45:22 PM »
I have a superb article scrutinizing the BoB statistics to the spot.
Very accurate and with some reasonable breakdown.
I'll look it up after my evening milking and give you the stats, - it's from the aeroplane magazine summer 2000 (probably june or july).
They give the LW 1700 aircraft lost in the BoB period (some 3-4 months I think), there off 1200 air to air, while RAF losses do some 800+ (same arena).
Deighton must be read with some carefulness, some things he states are quite not right. HiTech pointed out something with turncircles, so this one to you HiTech: I can post a quote from Deighton's book about turn circles of the Hurricane Spit and 109, - you can safely see that his calculations are very wrong. If you want to see it, let me know, I can post it and mail the image included.
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Offline Crumpp

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Spitfire Vb: Did it carry 120 rnds OR 240 rnds of Cannons?
« Reply #74 on: October 19, 2005, 04:49:03 PM »
Quote
Assuming Crumps Numbers of 18 and 15.8 Degrees per sec.



Oops! Did not convert to time.  That is at 1.2ata @ 2300U/min power btw.

That is still close enough that a shallow yo-you will easily make up the difference as Oscar and the other FW190 pilots experienced during the war.

Your data is still wrong as well on the FW190 Hitech.  You are modeling almost as much of a weight difference between the FW190A8 and the FW190A5 as the entire series gained form the FW-190A0 to FW190A9!

You want the loadout sheets and CG datum from Focke Wulf, Bremen?

I sent you the FW190A5 and FW190A8 information almost two years ago.


Quote
When the LW came over on mass, 11 Group was the where the fighters came from to oppose them. Some units from 10 and 12 Groups helped when the 11 Group a/c had to return to base. 10 and 12 Groups were support Groups to take up the slack.


Ummm,

Milo when the Luftwaffe came over in Mass....
The RAF responded in kind to defend.  However they did not fall into the trap of defending everything.


You obviously know this as you state it above!

Quote
How did you arrive at such a conclusion?


By your attempt to say because the Luftwaffe was limited to Group 11's area, the rest of the RAF was too and could not participate in the BoB.

Here:


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Please look at the Group maps and tell me how many of those airfields could supply fighter a/c to the air battles over south-east England (11 Group area).


The RAF clearly says all of them could and did respond to air battles over south-east England.

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Nice to see you are using better reference sources, the ones I supplied.


Actually if you read and comprehend, your source did not break the numbers down into the types of aircraft.

Which fits your agenda.

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Milo says:

Glad you agree that the LW used the 787 to 891 109s they had available in Luftflotte 2 and 3. I would call that full use.


Sure and according to the RAF, they responded with:

Quote
By the beginning of July 1940, the RAF had built up its strength to 640 fighters


http://www.raf.mod.uk/bob1940/background.html

Some of the reasons why the Germans lost the BoB:

1. Lack of Persistance and a clear strategy to win:

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The Germans set out in the summer of 1940 to win air superiority over Britain. During the course of their two-month campaign, they continually changed their objectives, never identified a real center of gravity, and demonstrated a remarkable lack of patience and persistence. Of particular note was the short-lived thrust against Royal Air Force (RAF) bases. Starting in the second week of August, the Luftwaffe made RAF bases one of their primary objectives. Part of their effort was wasted, because it was directed against forward operating bases used only for quick refueling and rearming. These bases were relatively easy to repair. Another part of their base attack program, however, was directed against main bases, and it lasted until 6 September 1940.


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The Germans launched coordinated attacks on British radar stations early in August and succeeded in destroying one. The British, however, sent false signals from the location of the destroyed radar station to make the Germans think their efforts had been for naught. The Germans responded precisely as the British hoped and dropped attacks on radars on express orders from Field Marshal Goering, the political and military chief of the Luftwaffe.


http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/warden/wrdchp03.htm

2. RADAR gave the RAF the ability to mass and the tactical advantage of manuvering forces so that they could defend where needed without the need to defend everything.

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The second is to accept the fact that it is not possible to defend everywhere and everything: He who tries to defend all defends nothing. Penetrations are going to take place. When that fact is accepted, it becomes easier to do the concentrating which will permit significant victories with acceptable defender losses.


Quote
In the Battle of Britain, the Luftwaffe initially targeted fighter bases and aircraft production facilities. Since these bases and facilities were scattered over the southeast corner of Great Britain, the British had difficulty knowing exactly where a raid might be headed, when it was first detected on radar. The Germans were concentrating their offensive forces. The more they did so, the better their success. For a variety of reasons, the Germans in early Septemberswitched their efforts to London, removing doubt as to where raids were headed, and making the job of concentrating the defense that much easier. Also, the end of Luftwaffe attacks on British fighter bases made operations from the bases simpler.


3.  Tied to the principle of mass is loss ratio.  The Luftwaffe simply did not have enough of a numerical advantage.  2:1 is not enough given the force multiplier of Radar.

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Loss rates vary disproportionately with the ratio of forces involved. Two forces equal in numbers (and reasonably close in equipment and flying capability) will tend to have equal losses when they meet.


The most important ratio being the aircraft designed to win the skies, fighters.  The USAAF rediscovered this in late 1943.  By mid 1944 they came back in force with fighters to spare.

In the end, the Luftwaffe High Command was Germany's biggest factor in defeat.

Nowhere have I seen a professional historian or military force conclude it was the Spitfire or Hurricane flying circles around the 109 that led to the Luftwaffe losing the battle.  Only from game players in these kinds of forums do we see that kind of silly claim.

It's the same silly claim that is made about the P51!

From "Spitfire Special" by Ted Hooton:

Spitfire vs. Bf 109  : 219 to 180 lost.

Hurricane vs. Bf 109 : 272 to 153 lost.

Looks like the 109 gave as good as it got according to the facts.  The 109 would have probably done much better as it had the advantage of point defense and altitude.  Goering interfered by tying them to the bombers removing the 109 units freedom of manuver.  Essentially a reversal of Doolittles Jan. 1944 order to the 8th USAAF FG's.  The tactical initiative Doolittle gave the USAAF fighters, Goering took away from the Jagdwaffe.

All the best,

Crumpp
« Last Edit: October 19, 2005, 05:17:30 PM by Crumpp »