Part of the equation is leadership... An intangible quality that distinguishes a "manager", someone who monitors and shepards an existing physical process, and a "leader", one who motivates and guides people to accomplish things they would otherwise not want or be capable of doing.
WWII brought leaders out of the woodwork. There is a reason why that is the "greatest generation"... The leaders of that generation learned their true capabilities in the hottest cruicble imaginable. Nowadays, a crisis is defined as having a worker who insists on wearing an earring against company policy. Is it any wonder why the current generation of young workers appears to be adrift?
There is no one cause, but true leadership is one answer... In fact, it is the only solution to the particularly modern malaise that seems to be affecting our young workforce. They have not faced true hardship, and without true leadership they will not rise to their full potential.
True leaders, ones who do not chase polls or engage in fruitless popularity contests, are rare today. The military tries to screen for and breed leaders of this type, but even when deliberately sought after and encouraged, they remain rare. When we find ourselves trying to legislate a behavioral status quo instead of relying on institutional pride to guide behavior, we find ourselves pushing the proverbial rope, trying to lead from behind with a whip.
Lead from the front, by example. One strong leader is worth a thousand regulations, policies, propaganda posters.