Friendly CVs are always marked on the map, their current course being shown as red arrows. They have a number like every base has, just with a C in front (like C20 and C13, the two Bishop CVs in the TA). CVs are alway attached to a port and spawn for the country the port belongs to - in other words: to capture a CV you have to capture the port, then sink the CV... when the Task Group respawns after 10 mins, it belongs to you.
Enemy CVs are not marked on the map.
I actually think practicing takeoff and landings on airfields as well as on CVs is a very good thing for two reasons. First... even when it might not look like it right now, you WILL get two kills eventually.... imagine crashing on landing then. And believe me, you will be a whole bunch of nervousness on your first landing with kills in the book. Hands shaking
.
The second reason is, learning to land well and onto the point will teach you low speed handling, coordination of control input and precise control of heading and altitude. Especially landing on a CV deck. BTW, *every* plane in the game can be landed on a carrier
.