As above, the faster you go, the wider your turn circle, and thus it takes more time to get around the wider circle. Slower equals faster 180 reversal, but only up to a point. If you too slow you may turn a small circle but it takes you too long to get around due to your extreme slow speed and flight instability at those very slow speeds. Somewhere in the middle is a 'sweet spot' - this is where you will turn around the fastest possible for your aircraft.
The move your talking about, if i understand you correctly, is some sort of climbing turn reversal like a pitch-back or immelman. This is used when you want to reverse fast but the aircraft is well above its 'sweet spot' speed. The climbing part of your turn slows you down to get closer to your 'sweet spot', then the last 90 degrees or so you probably diving again which gives you back some of your initial speed. The wastes less E than a flat turn. Sometimes, depending on your initial speed, you may want to chop throttle to aid the slow down as you turn. If you drop below your 'sweet spot' speed during the turn (mostly in the mid to later part of the turn), dropping some flaps can help depending on the type of flaps your aircraft has. And also, remember to ride the blackout on the very edge!
A small amount of rudder can help, but its unlikely that a twisty stick will give you the fine-grained control which a set of pedals will give you. Personally, i dont use rudder much, if any, for high-speed turns. I use it for aiming, skidding, assisting rolls, stall-recoveries, taxiing, etc mostly. YMMV.