Contrary to what others here have said, I read a number of reviews that said readyboost can help performance a bit with almost all system configurations. Flash drives are so cheap, it doesn't hurt a bit to just plug one in and tell vista to use it for readyboost. You won't actually lose anything by doing so, and might gain a bit depending on your system and what you use it for.
Also, most of the reviewers said that they had to actually USE vista (as opposed to just running benchmarks) in order to see the effect of readyboost, and also that the effect changed over time as they used the system more. The theory was that vista is actually fairly smart about optimizing performance based on your typical usage so the more you use the system with readyboost, the more it helps until it has maxxed out the search/read/write optimizations for your system and usage patterns.
Or it could all be nonsense and a big conspiracy to sell more flashdrives, but I seriously doubt the conspiracy theory.