First -- I agree can be annoying and it would be nice if it was fixed.
Second -- this is only true on certain maps, and I believe it is the one with somewhere above 3.6 billion CVs, so it doesn't bother me so much. However, there is something to be said for consistency.
Third -- Not sure what you mean. If you mean getting perk points from ships guns, I think you would need a ship or field gun category to add to the fighter/bomber/attack/GV we have now. Otherwise it doesn't make much sense.
Fourth -- The cruiser has 8" guns, not 12". It is a Baltimore class cruiser if I remember correctly. But a BB in game would be nice.