Tried it every which way?
Awesome, did you try licking it, too, perhaps while standing in a bucket of salt water?

Can I take out some life insurance on you?
Black is hot
White is not.
Remember this. It may prevent you from dying.
White is your neutral.
From the looks of the drill (age), there isn't a ground. It's amazing that with your "experimentation" that YOU didn't become a ground.

Each black is for a direction of the drill. That's what the direction switch was for. If you hook up a dimmer, you will need one for each.