WWII:
1943 - In northern Italy, Benito Mussolini re-established a new fascist republic.
President:
Republican vice-presidential candidate Richard M. Nixon went on television to deliver what came to be known as the ``Checkers'' speech as he denied allegations of improper campaign financing.
American:
1779 American commander John Paul Jones is said to have declared, "I have not yet begun to fight!" during a Revolutionary War naval battle.
1806 The Lewis and Clark expedition returned to St. Louis from the Pacific Northwest.
