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General Forums => Aircraft and Vehicles => Topic started by: Seeker on August 13, 2005, 05:07:34 AM

Title: Half tracks...
Post by: Seeker on August 13, 2005, 05:07:34 AM
Why were they?

Or..

Why arent they any more?

What I mean is; we still use; in the 21 .st century; all the weapons systems of WWII; albeit in vastly upgraded form.

We still use planes, tanks, artillery, missiles etc. etc.

Except half tracks.

I've never really understood what half tracks were for (I just can't see what the advantage was in sticking a couple of wheels on a track laying vehicle was; and a pair of motor cycle forks on that little german one? please!) and they seem to have dissapeared from the world's inventory.

So: What where they good for; and what's replaced them; and why wasn't the replacement used in WWII?
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: SMIDSY on August 13, 2005, 05:33:44 AM
the half track was developed for two reasons:
1. more surface area in contact with the ground makes for more traction.
2. you dont get as many flat tires.


the motorcycle thingy is the kettenkrad. was used like a kubelwagen by the army in situations that the kuby could not have enough traction for. the luftwaffe used it to tow aircraft with tricycle landing gear.
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: Seeker on August 13, 2005, 06:16:31 AM
Quote
Originally posted by SMIDSY
the half track was developed for two reasons:
1. more surface area in contact with the ground makes for more traction.
2. you dont get as many flat tires.


the motorcycle thingy is the kettenkrad. was used like a kubelwagen by the army in situations that the kuby could not have enough traction for. the luftwaffe used it to tow aircraft with tricycle landing gear.


Sure; a track layer has less ground pressure than tyres; and sure; you get less punctures with tracks.

So why add wheels?
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: mora on August 13, 2005, 06:45:50 AM
I believe that a half track was much cheaper to manufacture than a "full track" as it didn't need as complex drivetrain.
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: Sketch on August 13, 2005, 07:12:04 AM
Quote
Originally posted by Seeker
Sure; a track layer has less ground pressure than tyres; and sure; you get less punctures with tracks.

So why add wheels?


The wheels added in for easier steering control, so it wouldn't have the hard movements of the tanks for example...
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: Seeker on August 13, 2005, 07:27:43 AM
Quote
Originally posted by ChristCAF
The wheels added in for easier steering control, so it wouldn't have the hard movements of the tanks for example...


I've heard this before; but have a hard time imagining that two skinny WWII crossply tyres could have a measureable effect on two three quarter length tracks running straight a head. The side forces on the tyres would induce such a slip angle that on tarmac you'd simply pull the tyres off and on soft ground they'd be ineffective.

Therefore the tracks must steer (differentialy) too; and if they do; what advantage does adding road wheels give?

I'm curious because most of my working life has been in construction; which offers many of the same terrain challenges armies face; and most of the transport solutions are similar.

But I've never seen a half track on either a building; motorway; bridge or dam site.
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: mora on August 13, 2005, 07:37:14 AM
http://mailer.fsu.edu/~akirk/tanks/UnitedStates/unarmored-halftracks/unarmored-half-tracks.html
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: StarOfAfrica2 on August 13, 2005, 12:14:09 PM
Seeker, have you ever seen the ones they use on farm tractors?  You swap em out with the regular wheels for times when its too muddy for tires.  I have seen guys only put 2 on.
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: Sketch on August 13, 2005, 12:23:10 PM
Seeker, just watch an old Clint Eastwood movie, "Kelly's Hero's".
They use an actually one in the movie, and you see it drive thru some brush and turn onto a road.... shows a good example.

As for Star's example, he is correct.  Was born in Northeast Iowa farming area... seen those old tractor tires alot being put to good use! :aok
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: Seeker on August 13, 2005, 02:14:37 PM
Thanks for the link; interesting!

But the point is... no one uses them anymore; do they?

So what ever solution they offered has been overcome by either conventional wheels or modern track layers.

I just wondered why :)
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: Nilsen on August 13, 2005, 03:04:21 PM
If they were just abit cheaper than fulltracks then that would save alot of money given the number of units made in war. Every resource you save is valuable on a hard-pressed military industry.

In "peacetime" you have the need for far fewer units and can afford getting fulltracks.

Just a thought..


On a side note..

I wonder for how long you could sustain a third world war (conventional) given the extremly long time it takes to replace planes and tanks etc..

First of all it takes a long time to make them and then you usually only have one easy-to-hit factory that makes the units. Bang-bang and both sides are out of their front line units, then you have a few more days with second rate stuff and then? rifles, handgrenades and bayonettes?
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: Ack-Ack on August 13, 2005, 03:37:04 PM
This is from the Military Museum of Texas (http://www.texasmuseum.org/HALFTRACK.html).

Quote

A consideration of primary importance in developing strategy for land warfare is the ability to move personnel and implements of war successfully across varying terrain. To this end, the Half-Track was designed to improve cross-country performance over wheeled scout cars and supplement other essential operational considerations. The Half-Track was used as a personnel carrier, prime mover and carriage for various howitzer configurations. A central use of the Half-Track was a platform from which armored columns could develop 'eyes and ears' while also conducting a reconnaissance in force in advance of the maneuver unit.

In All, the Half-Track served the Allied cause honorably and well. Within the US force structure, the Half-Track gave way to full-tracked APC's with increased armored personnel protection and increased cross country speeds.



ack-ack
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: Bodhi on August 13, 2005, 07:05:53 PM
I know a lot about the halftrack.  My guys and I restored a WW2 M2 that was converted to an M2A1 Halftrack a couple of years ago.

The Tracks are driven by a common heavy duty White differential by a standard heavy duty White Truck drivetrain.  The only difference is positioning and the brake drum set up to attach the sprocket.   The forward wheels do indeed turn the vehicle, and they do it quite well, albeit the lack of power steering makes the weight on the front end just a bit hard on the arms.

The biggest problem I can see with the US halftrack is that the tracks are rubber coated 1" by 12" flat lags connected by two strands of SS cable.  They have the tendancy to stretch after heavy usage.  That is why most US halftrack owners today use Israeli tracks that were designed for their converted power diesel halftracks.

All in all they are fun, and you can get quite the looks when you drive one down a crowded street!
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: Tails on August 13, 2005, 09:26:53 PM
Quote
Originally posted by Bodhi
All in all they are fun, and you can get quite the looks when you drive one down a crowded street!


I thought half-tracks and full tracked vehicles weren't street legal? Something about tearing up the concrete.
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: rabbidrabbit on August 13, 2005, 09:35:50 PM
Quote
Originally posted by Tails
I thought half-tracks and full tracked vehicles weren't street legal? Something about tearing up the concrete.


think rubber track pads.  Still is not kind but does not tear it up.
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: nirvana on August 31, 2005, 05:48:31 PM
You still have it Bodhi?  I may need to make a trip to visit you.
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: Bodhi on August 31, 2005, 05:51:04 PM
We have a halftrack, M3 Scout Car and various other vehicles.  We just finished up a tank and it left last week.
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: Hornet33 on August 31, 2005, 09:14:26 PM
In todays modern Armies you have tracked or wheeled vehicles, but not half tracks. One of the main reasons for this is the technology available with todays wheeled vehicles. The WWII half-tracks were really nothing more than an armored 2 1/2 ton truck for carrying troops and cargo, and then the "specials" M16, M37, and so on. They needed the tracks for the cross country mobility that they couldn't get out of exsiting wheeled vehicles. Today wheeled combat vehiles have self inflating tires that allow them to increase or decrease tire pressure automaticly based on terrain for better mobility.
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: nirvana on September 01, 2005, 05:24:26 PM
Quote
Originally posted by Bodhi
We have a halftrack, M3 Scout Car and various other vehicles.  We just finished up a tank and it left last week.



You live in the Springs?  Where do you work?  I might move down there.  Do you keep anything you rebuild?
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: Evosnipe on September 11, 2005, 04:24:27 AM
i dunno too much about dis stuff, but i deduce a half track would be much more ezier to mass produce, as was needed in a world war, were numbers ruled the ground, cheap, smoother ride, prolly much lighter, basically an all around good milt truck that could carry increased loads as well as having the durabilty of tracks, not to mention  the insane traction u get from a set of tracks, man tracks will go thru just bout anything, and btw the germans were total pimps, cruisin out with their smgs and a pimpin motorcycle, lol, definately the only country classy enough to utilize motorcycles in war, freggin awesome

yup they had a good plan, the only fault id see is their choice in allies, unstable russia, and weak italy, and japan was quite a good choice, that is, until they drug the US to declare ownage upon the Axis infidels...ahahaha

kinda ironic pearl harbor took alot of b ships, but it still couldnt soften the hard kick of american carriers, definately the most powerful force known to man today, only rivaled by...(looks over his shoulder) the good ole poonage nuclear powered nuclear packing, all around nuclear owning typhoon missle sub

little thing i like to call, mutually assured destruction....
go ahead, push that red button, i DARE you...
muahaha

END
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: Evosnipe on September 11, 2005, 04:27:49 AM
but ill bet it was still bumpy ride as hell in a halfy
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: rshubert on September 12, 2005, 04:38:02 PM
Quote
Originally posted by Nilsen


On a side note..

I wonder for how long you could sustain a third world war (conventional) given the extremly long time it takes to replace planes and tanks etc..

First of all it takes a long time to make them and then you usually only have one easy-to-hit factory that makes the units. Bang-bang and both sides are out of their front line units, then you have a few more days with second rate stuff and then? rifles, handgrenades and bayonettes?


The US military plans on a "come as you are" war.  In other words, the munitions and equipment that exist at the start of the war, are the only resources available for the duration of the war.
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: frank3 on September 13, 2005, 11:57:34 AM
Quote
Originally posted by Seeker
So why add wheels?


I don't think they added wheels to a tank, but added tracks to a truck.
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: Angus on September 13, 2005, 01:07:36 PM
Look at this one :)
 (http://flagsofourfathers.net/gallery/albums/behind-the-scenes/425489278BdIQhi_fs.jpg)

You can clearly see how much of soil area the tracks cover compare to the wheels.
A halftrack is a clever design for something cheaper than a tank and even faster as well, while being able to run all around a conventional truck, stuck in sand or mud.
They were aso used extensivey for pulling things like cannons etc to places that neither a jeep or a truck would go.
Just saw this at the shooting site of "flags of our fathers", - the winner in the loose sand was the LVT, - no wonder, it has paddles on the tracks - then the halftrack then the Sherman (too heavy I guess) then the Willy's and a conventional truck at the low end.
Lookie here: http://www.flagsofourfathers.net
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: Staga on September 13, 2005, 03:26:44 PM
Don't know about SdKfz251 armoured personnel carrier (quite similar with US halftracks) but heavier FAMO's etc had track brakes just like tanks which allowed them to turn tighter.

Kettenkrad had similar system; by turning the handlebar slightly only front wheel turned and when driver turned more handlebar it also operated the track brakes.
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: mora on September 14, 2005, 12:53:25 AM
Quote
Originally posted by Staga
Don't know about SdKfz251 armoured personnel carrier (quite similar with US halftracks) but heavier FAMO's etc had track brakes just like tanks which allowed them to turn tighter.

Kettenkrad had similar system; by turning the handlebar slightly only front wheel turned and when driver turned more handlebar it also operated the track brakes.


Yep, you have to have brakes anyway, so why not operate them independently? That wouldn't reguire anything special if you have a standard differential, so it's quite possible that all half tracks used that kind of a system.
Title: Half tracks...
Post by: Angus on September 22, 2005, 07:48:35 PM
FYI all standard acricultural tractors have and did have differential brakes for som 40 years at least. I have one that I can turn  with less than 1m radius (front wheels) - and it's a 3 ton thingie ;)