I hate to object, but:
There is nothing realistic about this. My guess is that IRL™ a huge percentage of the times (especially in wartime) that a pilot abandons an A/C on the runway, that plane needs at least serious maintenance before flying again. A significant number of A/C probably never fly again after being abandoned on the runway.
My understanding is that it is SOP for A/C taxi off the runway to a parking place. Of course, if you move your AH ride to the hangar, it's a ditch.
How about: "Ditch" -- outside of the airfield
"Landed" -- exited plane on airbase, with landing gear intact.
"Crash Landed" -- exited with damaged gear.
And make it so that any contact with non-runway over XX mph damages the gear.
The gameplay problem with the current system is that when the poindexter bombing the field drops an egg on the runway, those nearby have a choice:
A. Stay in the air until it rebuilds
B. RTB to a different base, in which case they usually have enough fuel for A.
C. Not worry about returning home -- with no runway, the whole map is a landing field.
D. Land and wait for the runway to "pop up".
D. gets boring really fast and defeats the purpose, A is a non-choice, B almost never occurs, because it usually implies A. This leaves us with C as the most popular option.
In other words, the current system actually encourages ditching. Now, if you seriously damage somebody, and that person's base has lost its runway, the pilot has no incentive whatsoever to nurse a damaged bird home. Better to get down fast, and respawn faster. Run out of ammo? Just ditch and grab a new one. Short on bombs? Why fly halfway across the map only to find out on final that you've lost your asphalt?