So if I understood right, un- and replugging the powered hub fixes the issue?
The first culprit I always think of is some debris left behind from the Sleep/Hibernate mode of Windows. For Win7 shutting down and restarting should be enough to fix that, for Win8 and Win10 pressing the Shift button while clicking Shutdown wipes off all the remnants of Fast Startup which basically is Hibernate mode without the open programs and apps.
There's many more potential culprits as well, starting from motherboard drivers, corrupted system data, failing components including the power supply and the USB hub etc. If the above doesn't do the trick, running System File Checker (sfc /scannow) and Chkdsk /r in the Command prompt or Powershell would be next on line.