Author Topic: Tony Williams, about italian and german ammo  (Read 1063 times)

Offline gatt

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Tony Williams, about italian and german ammo
« on: December 15, 2005, 07:34:26 AM »
Hello Tony,

do you have any direct comparison between german 13mm and italian 12,7mm HE or HEI shells? Thanks for any help.
"And one of the finest aircraft I ever flew was the Macchi C.205. Oh, beautiful. And here you had the perfect combination of italian styling and german engineering .... it really was a delight to fly ... and we did tests on it and were most impressed." - Captain Eric Brown

Offline Tony Williams

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Tony Williams, about italian and german ammo
« Reply #1 on: December 15, 2005, 10:25:40 AM »
Well, there are some nice photos of sectioned Italian and German HMG rounds on page 38 of Flying Guns – World War 2: Development of Aircraft Guns, Ammunition and Installations 1933-45 but unfortunately I don't have them up on my website!

There is also a table comparing HE capacities for WW2 shells which shows that the 13mm held 1.2 g of HE, the 12.7mm 0.8 g.

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Offline gatt

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« Reply #2 on: December 15, 2005, 10:35:25 AM »
Tony, I do own two of your books, obviously  ;)

I was looking for some specific comparison between the two, like wartime tests.

Thanks anyway.
« Last Edit: December 15, 2005, 10:39:34 AM by gatt »
"And one of the finest aircraft I ever flew was the Macchi C.205. Oh, beautiful. And here you had the perfect combination of italian styling and german engineering .... it really was a delight to fly ... and we did tests on it and were most impressed." - Captain Eric Brown

Offline Bruno

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Tony Williams, about italian and german ammo
« Reply #3 on: December 15, 2005, 11:38:23 AM »
Old Post by Lupo:

PLS HT look into Breda MG modelling!

It doesn't directly compare German 13mm with the Breda 12.7 but there's a decent amount of info (at least onthe 1st couple of pages).

Offline Tony Williams

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Tony Williams, about italian and german ammo
« Reply #4 on: December 15, 2005, 06:53:45 PM »
Quote
Originally posted by gatt
Tony, I do own two of your books, obviously  ;)

I was looking for some specific comparison between the two, like wartime tests.

Thanks anyway.


OK - all the stuff I know about them I put into that book!

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Offline HoHun

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Re: Tony Williams, about italian and german ammo
« Reply #5 on: December 15, 2005, 07:16:26 PM »
Hi Gatt,

>do you have any direct comparison between german 13mm and italian 12,7mm HE or HEI shells?

In the light of the older thread referenced here, I just had a look at the Breda-SAFAT firepower calculations I prepared from Tony's data.

The Italian HE projectiles actually carry less chemical content than the US 12.7 mm API rounds.

The muzzle firepower of the Breda-SAFAT appears to be about half of that of the Browning M2, and that's for unsynchronized fire.

The MG131 HE round by comparison has a bit more chemical content than the US 12.7 mm API round, but fires a lighter, slower round.

The MG131 arrives at 63% of the Browning's firepower using a 1:2 AP:HE mix. (I'm using pure API for the Browning.)

Regards,

Henning (HoHun)

Offline gatt

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« Reply #6 on: December 16, 2005, 03:21:53 AM »
Hello everybody ;) , I am interested in the effectiveness of the BREDA-Safat 12,7mm belt mix in downing tough P-40s and Hurricanes, Spitfires MkII e MkV and light bombers in the North African and Malta theatres of ops.

German 109E and F had MG151/20 and FF cannons and 7,7mm. Italian fighters like the C.202, C.200 and G.50 had only 2x12,7mm. Actually they *did* shoot down allied fighters. So, I was wondering how they could do it. And looking at what Finns did with G.50s it makes me thinking that those BREDA were not only not so bad, but perhaps had a belt mix of HE-HEI-SAPI and onlygodknoswhat very effective.

I dont remember (my former squad mate) Dinger analysys about BREDA 12,7mm.
"And one of the finest aircraft I ever flew was the Macchi C.205. Oh, beautiful. And here you had the perfect combination of italian styling and german engineering .... it really was a delight to fly ... and we did tests on it and were most impressed." - Captain Eric Brown

Offline Karnak

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Tony Williams, about italian and german ammo
« Reply #7 on: December 16, 2005, 04:27:16 AM »
Gatt,

One of my fondest memories from AH is taking off to intercept a B-17 (pre-formation days) and it's escorts of two F4U-1Ds and a P-51D and after the three fighters attacked me from an altitude advanatge I drove off the P-51 with fluid leaking and shot down both F4Us.  All of which I did in a C.202.

It can kill, it just takes more work and if there is a fighter with cannons or banks of HMGs they are liekly to swoop in and take the kill you worked for.
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Offline Bruno

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« Reply #8 on: December 16, 2005, 10:41:38 AM »
Quote
Originally posted by gatt
Hello everybody ;) , I am interested in the effectiveness of the BREDA-Safat 12,7mm belt mix in downing tough P-40s and Hurricanes, Spitfires MkII e MkV and light bombers in the North African and Malta theatres of ops.

German 109E and F had MG151/20 and FF cannons and 7,7mm. Italian fighters like the C.202, C.200 and G.50 had only 2x12,7mm. Actually they *did* shoot down allied fighters. So, I was wondering how they could do it. And looking at what Finns did with G.50s it makes me thinking that those BREDA were not only not so bad, but perhaps had a belt mix of HE-HEI-SAPI and onlygodknoswhat very effective.

I don't remember (my former squad mate) Dinger analysys about BREDA 12,7mm.


If we look at the comparison between perceived lethality in AH and in RL then we need to look at how damage is assigned in AH. It's similar to old WBs where by the rounds with the highest impact velocity are the most effective in causing damage. In RL a .50 may just punch right through leaving a nice little hole in the skin provided it doesn't hit something internally. In AH every hit contibutes to 'damage'. If you get enough hits or enough damage in a particular area something falls off or breaks. In rl (at least according to the gun cam films I have seen) very few 'shoot downs were the result of 'parts' being shot off or planes 'exploding'.

In AH things like engine damage, pilot hits, control surfaces, not to mention the 'fight to the death' nature of main game play (meaning that depending on the circumstances damage received in rl may result in a pilot bailing out / ditching rather then risking his life to push the fight or try to make it home to land his kills), if modeled are only done so to a degree. This may contribute to the impression that the lighter MG rounds, and / or those with lower velocities are 'ineffective'. This is especially true when comparing them to the AH Hispano, 3cm etc...

If you followed that link I provided you can still view that 202/P-40 avi in my reply. At least, visually it seems that the BREDA-Safat 12.7 mm is 'effective' enough, at least against planes like the P-40.

Back when I had an interest in the CT some of the funnest fights were 202s vs the P-40B/E. While it took some time in the gun site to 'kill' the Ami planes the 202 had the performance to stick right with the P-40s. In the main, being mostly a late-war arena with many players its difficult to keep on a target due to performance issues and when you do most likely another enemy will be lining up on you. This lack of 'quick kill' / 'snapshot' ability also may contribute to the impression of the ineffectiveness the lighter rounds.

The Japanese thought well of the Breda, I remember reading that Sakai said he preferred the 7 mm over the 20 Type 99 MK 1, he was certainly able to kill with the lighter round.

Offline Squire

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« Reply #9 on: December 16, 2005, 11:04:25 AM »
The usual circumstances in WW2 for downing an enemy fighter is also worth mentioning when talking about say, 2 x 12.7mm as armament.

Again, it was common to "bounce" an opponent fighter who was either unwary or otherwise engaged, the pilot doing the shooting closing to very close range, often 100 yards or less. If you actually read the combat AARs most pilots report making attacks like that. Closing close on a P-40E with a MC202 and firing will result in a kill. You don't need a huge battery of cannons. Airplanes are fragile, they aren't tanks.

The MA skewers the average take on this because of inflight radar, icons, and 1944-45 fighters with heavy batteries of weapons.
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Offline HoHun

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« Reply #10 on: December 16, 2005, 03:18:44 PM »
Hi Gatt,

>Italian fighters like the C.202, C.200 and G.50 had only 2x12,7mm. Actually they *did* shoot down allied fighters. So, I was wondering how they could do it. And looking at what Finns did with G.50s it makes me thinking that those BREDA were not only not so bad, but perhaps had a belt mix of HE-HEI-SAPI and onlygodknoswhat very effective.

Remember that firepower is only the rate of ammunition consumption ;-)

If you go in close and fire with a high hit ratio or for a long time, you can bring down a target even with a low firepower weapon. The downside is that this puts higher demand on the tactical advantage you have to achieve before opening fire. In other words, it gets more difficult, but it doesn't get impossible :-)

Regards,

Henning (HoHun)

Offline Tony Williams

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« Reply #11 on: December 17, 2005, 01:19:09 AM »
The 12.7 mm Breda-SAFAT wasn't an especially good gun; it weighed as much as a .50 Browning and fired at 700 rpm. What's worse, in fighter installations it was generally synchronised and lost a lot of RoF. The Finns especially complained that the guns' RoF would go up and down a lot depending on the prop rpm in their Fiat G.50s (which didn't have constant-speed props).

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Offline gatt

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« Reply #12 on: December 17, 2005, 04:20:30 AM »
Looking at the screenshot of the cockpit of a Fiat G.55 I saw a big plackard just below the gunsight saying (about the two HMG): dont fire under XXX rpm (unreadable) and above 2600rpm with the 6 not very readable. AFAIK italian DB605As were not (officially) cleared for use at 2,800rpm, so I guess it is 2.600rpm.
This syncronization limit is very interesting. I guess many italian pilots could not care less of engine limits during combat so I think they didnt use HMG when at full throttle/rpm but only cannons.

As far as 12,7mm are concerned, I was not comparing the AH2's BREDA with RL combat AAR's. I was just asking myself how real pilots could shoot down anything with them. I have talked a lot to E. Annoni, CO of the 96a Squadriglia, 4° Stormo Caccia, in North Africa and Malta. A gentleman and an ace with 11 kills (9 with the RA). Most of them got with his C.202 (the one that H.J.Marseille crashed during a trial :huh). Well, he said that he usually never glued on the enemy' tail (too dangerous! he said, looking at me as if I was mad) but used "hit and climb" techniques against Hurricanes and Spitfires. Interesting indeed.
« Last Edit: December 17, 2005, 04:26:28 AM by gatt »
"And one of the finest aircraft I ever flew was the Macchi C.205. Oh, beautiful. And here you had the perfect combination of italian styling and german engineering .... it really was a delight to fly ... and we did tests on it and were most impressed." - Captain Eric Brown

Offline Wmaker

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« Reply #13 on: December 17, 2005, 04:37:57 AM »
Quote
Originally posted by gatt
And looking at what Finns did with G.50s it makes me thinking that those BREDA were not only not so bad, but perhaps had a belt mix of HE-HEI-SAPI and onlygodknoswhat very effective.


Finns sure cursed Fiat's poor armament and it's tendency to jam all the time. :) IIRC Oippa Tuominen shot down russian a SB-2 with only one Breda working. ;) LLv26 record and exchange ratio with Fiats is phenomenal to say the least! :)
« Last Edit: December 17, 2005, 05:31:55 AM by Wmaker »
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Offline Tony Williams

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« Reply #14 on: December 18, 2005, 03:04:20 AM »
Quote
Originally posted by gatt
I have talked a lot to E. Annoni, CO of the 96a Squadriglia, 4° Stormo Caccia, in North Africa and Malta. A gentleman and an ace with 11 kills (9 with the RA). Most of them got with his C.202 (the one that H.J.Marseille crashed during a trial :huh). Well, he said that he usually never glued on the enemy' tail (too dangerous! he said, looking at me as if I was mad) but used "hit and climb" techniques against Hurricanes and Spitfires. Interesting indeed.


Most of the long-lived, high-scoring fighter pilots seem to have avoided dogfighting if they could. The problem is that there is an element of luck involved (particularly in a multi-plane engagement) and no matter how good you are, sooner or later someone will get you.

The preferred approach of pilots like Hartmann was basically that of the assassin: try to sneak up without being noticed, fire a burst at a range close enough not to miss, then get the hell out and review the situation from a safe distance...

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