Advanced and effective are two different and often unrelated things. I've followed this programme with interest most especially from the design aspect. I could write a lot but let's start with the brief: it was supposed to replace several aircraft with one. They failed to do that. Despite appearances the F-35 is three different aircraft sharing a percentage of parts. Furthermore this aircraft will be unable to practically replace some of the aircraft they said it could.
You might solve such a brief by designing for the most restrictive requirement which would be the carrier based STOVL need (Marines / Navy. The minute they decided on the lift fan approach this became impossible. Most everything else stems from this poor design decision.
The various versions being "identical" defeats the purpose; parts commonality is what's important. Especially the pars which will need constant replacing during the 50+ year lifespan.
There will be a lot of manufacturing and fabrication savings even with the parts unique to a single variant. Take, for instance, the wing skins which are shown in purple in the graphic above, which denotes unique. The same designers designed those three wing skins, and the same supplier fabricates those skins. Same design methods, same materials, same fabrication methods (same repair techniques). This may not seem like much but this is tremendously important in a high-rate manufacturing environment. The part numbers for these skins are virtually identical, which helps the factory recognizes parts and build sequences (which is critical in a stationized work setting). Same goes for assembly of the wing skin to substructure in the factory. The same story can be written for virtually every major structural part in the airframe, regardless of version.