Before you rollback to 7 and re-install 10 there might be a solution. I have had many problems with realtek adapters working in windows 10, mostly driver related.
I do see a potential problem in your dxdiag, have you tried the onboard LAN without any WiFi adapters? Or WiFi with the onboard LAN disabled in BIOS?
Your dxdiag shows both the TP-Link and onboard LAN using the same driver file that was supplied for the onboard LAN from MSI. (rt640x64.sys, 10.38.1118.2019 (English), 12/19/2019 21:46:08, 1160488 bytes) (they both could very well have the same model realtek network chip)
What is your desired configuration during normal day to day operations? WiFi or hardline LAN? Try getting that working 1st. Although having the onboard LAN work no matter what is nice.
Try this one at a time, either onboard LAN, or WiFi adapter, whichever you use most (assumes LAN cable connected):
1) Uninstall all WiFi/LAN drivers/software from Control Panel> Uninstall a program.
2) Shut down the computer.
3) Remove all WiFi adapters (PCIe and USB) from the computer per the manufacturer instructions.
4) Start computer to BIOS and disable onboard LAN, save changes and start.
5) Shut down and then start computer.
6) Open device manager and show hidden devices.
7) Uninstall all network adapters and drivers/software if given the option.
8) Shut down and then start computer.
9) If installing WiFi adapter you may need to install driver now before the adapter is installed, whatever the installation instructions say.
10) Shut down the computer.
11) If using onboard LAN, start computer, go in to BIOS, enable onboard LAN, save changes and start computer.
12) If onboard LAN enabled, then install onboard driver you downloaded from MSI.
13) If using WiFi, then install adapter using manufacturer instructions.
14) If WiFi adapter installed, start computer, install driver/software (if not already), then connect to your WiFi.
If you used WiFi and got it working, leave WiFi enabled, then try enabling onboard LAN in BIOS and installing drivers for that.