When flying straight and level, a pilot of an untrimmed plane has to compensate with a stick/pedals*. That causes more pilot fatigue on prolonged flights.
Also, while you may easily compensate for climb/roll, yaw is not as evident. Withour a real yaw indicator (piece of string attached to a stick in front of your windscreen) you may be flying a bit sidewise (slipping). That will cause unnecessary drag and cost you speed/endurance.
In combat, if you plane is trimmed for, say, 300mph, and you happen to be shooting at the enemy while flying straight at that speed, you will have easier time aiming because you will not have to keep your plane straight.
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* In real life stick in a trimmed plane was still off-center - trim did not center the stick, just removed the pressure.