Originally posted by Curval 
yep...but isn't that a German word? 
Oh yes I wasn't trying to suggest a russian translation, it was  just a comment to batz that the Kurland example wasn't the only one the Germans referred to as a Kessel.
Originally posted by pugg666 
It refers to the intensity of the fighting, house to house...even room to room fighting. Read Cornelius Ryan's A Bridge too far and you get a lot of good descriptions of what you could consider a "kessel". 
Personally I have always thought of it as derieved from the shape of the frontline, and not refering to whether the battle was intense or not.
On the other hand once a force is encircled, the fighting is almost bound to intensify, either because of attempts to eliminate the defenders, or from breakout attempts.