Hi Lasersailor,
>I've been thinking about this recently. Has anyone ever tried to put a gear system on an airplane?
Yes. The Dornier Do 14 flying boat built in 1933 had a large four-bladed pusher propeller on a pylon above the fuselage that was driven via shafts and gearing by two coupled engines in the fuselage.
When it was test-flown in 1936, it was found that the engines couldn't bring the fixed-pitch propeller up to speed at take-off. The solution was variable gearing with one speed for take-off and another one for cruise.
However, variable-pitch propellers made for a much quicker and better match between engine and propeller characteristics for any flight situation, and so the Do 14 was a technological dead end.
Regards,
Henning (HoHun)