Originally posted by KgB
Did Lincoln free slaves so they could fight for him?
During the Civil War, Lincoln decided, to declare that slaves in the seceding states were free. The emancipation proclamation didn’t apply to slaves in the states that remained within the Union. So it didn’t really “free the slaves.” It had little effect on slaves in the Confederacy, since they were beyond Lincoln’s authority. Politicians of the day remarked that Lincoln had freed the slaves he couldn’t help, & did nothing for the slaves he could help.
Lincoln admitted that Congress had no constitutional power to touch slavery by legislation; but he argued that he, as commander in chief of the armed forces putting down what he defined as an insurrection, could punish the rebellious states populations by stripping them of their property, even if that property happened to be slaves. In the case of insurrection, he contended, this could be done without the peacetime niceties of “due process of law.”
Legally, slaves were the property of other men; that is what slavery means, wrong as it is; and under the Constitution, nobody could be deprived of his property without “due process of law” — that is, a court proceeding had to prove to a jury that a slaveowner had somehow forfeited his property.
“Due process of law” didn’t mean a legislative act. Congress had no power to pass a law making slavery illegal in "obedient union states". Lincoln acknowledged this in his first inaugural address and even said he would support an amendment to the Constitution protecting slavery where it already existed.
So did he free the slaves to fight for the north? It isn't that simple really. The question is, did he free them at all, or did the south free them by the consequences of their actions. It's too complex an issue to rehash nearly 150 years after the fact in the AH forums. I just get aggravated by people who look down their nose at the South & Southerners. Southern soldiers fought & often won when they were outnumbered, didn't have food, ammuniton, or even shoes on their feet. They were the epitome of American bravery & fidelity to duty.