What is it you want to know? No one is going type out unit histories for you, after all there has been volumes written on the Luftwaffe.
Expanding on what Funked typed out;
A Geschwader is equal to a Wing.
Jagdgeschwader = Fighter-Wing
A Jagdgeschwader is made up of Groups or Gruppen.
Gruppen are represented by Roman numerals. For example, Jagdgeschwader 53:
first Gruppe = I./JG 53
second Gruppe = II./JG 53
third Gruppe = III./JG 53
forth Gruppe = IV./JG 53
Each Gruppen is made up of multiple Squadrons or Staffeln.
Staffel labels are as follows =
1./JG 53 = 1st Staffel
2./JG 53 = 2nd Staffel
3./JG 53 = 3rd Staffel
etc...
Depending on which period of the war you are talking about a Jagdgeschwader could be made up of up to 4 Gruppen plus STAB (STAB = command flight made up of 3 or 4 aircraft).
A Gruppe is made up of 3 or 4 Staffeln and each Gruppen would have its own stab as well.
Staffel strength varied depending on serviceable aircraft and pilots. Depending on what period we are talking about a Staffel would typical consist of 12 or 16 aircraft.
Staffeln are further broke down into elements, typically 4 ship elements referred to as Schwarm (or plural Schwärme). A Schwarm was broke again into 2 ship elements referred to as Rotte.
Early in the war a JG was made up of 3 Gruppen and each Gruppen was made up of three Staffeln.
As such you could tell which Staffeln belong to which Gruppe just by the written Staffel label. As an example:
I./JG 53 would be comprised of:
1./JG 53 = 1st Staffel
2./JG 53 = 2nd Staffel
3./JG 53 = 3rd Staffel
Plus STAB.
Later in the war a 4th Staffel may have been added:
1./JG 53 = 1st Staffel
2./JG 53 = 2nd Staffel
3./JG 53 = 3rd Staffel
4./JG 53 - 4th Staffel
Plus STAB.
Painted on the aircraft as tactical markings would be a Gruppe symbol (I./Gruppe would be blank). Each Staffel would have its own color.
For example, Weiß 1 + | would be 4./JG 53 (early war) etc...
Jagdgeschwader is lead by the Kommodore, usually, a Major, Oberstleutnant or Oberst.
A Gruppe is lead by the Kommandeur, usually a Hauptmann or a Major.
A Staffel could be lead by the Staffelkapitän, normally an Oberleutnant or Hauptmann but varied later during the war. Of if the Staffelkapitän is not flying or if he assigns the flight lead to someone else they would be referred to as the 'Staffelführer'.
The leader of a Schwarm, 4 ship formation, would be referred to as the 'Schwarmführer'.
The leader of a Rotte, 2 ship formation, would be referred to as a 'Rottenführer'. The second ship was the 'wingman'; or 'Rottenflieger'; or 'Katchmarek' (alternate spellings: Katschmarek; or Kaczmarek).
Until you get more specific with your question I can't be bothered to type any more.
