Originally posted by Captain Virgil Hilts
By the way, think about it from the point of view of the oil companies. You have a product with a low per unit profit. You have a limited capacity to produce the product, because of limited facilities. The government declares that new facilities must meet higher standards in all areas. The government also declares the intention to increase the supply of a competing product, and in fact declares the intent to subsidize the production and distribution of the competing product. So, making among the smallest per unit profit margin of all products, do you invest BILLIONS to increase production capacity, when it will take decades to recover that investment, and the government is funding your competition?
Dead on. Huge investment for more refineries (which has even smaller tolerance for disruptions than oil supply does). Have to meet many federal, state, local, EPA regulations. Have to attain large tracks of land, and no one wants a refinery built next to them (NIMBY). Can take years to get everything lined up before you even break ground. Taking on such a big project and debt will negatively effect your stock prices, which makes the investors and shareholders unhappy. And you've got all this negative press and Congressional hearings which may go against you and cost you somehow; definite uncertainty.
As to American auto manufacturers. They are saddled with huge debts in the form of very generous (and often mismanaged) workers compensation packages through the 60's, 70's, and 80's. They build the SUV's and full sized trucks the public wants, then every time gas prices spike, they are stuck with huge inventories, and have to give price breaks and incentives to move the gas guzzlers. They have to compete for a dwindling market share that they are losing to non-U.S. manufacturers (who's vehicles have better fuel economy and reliability numbers every year).
Government and the Administration keeps saying they want the markets to lead in alternative energy and fuel economy and so forth, but what incentive is there for them to take the financial risk? They are about making money, not doing what's in the country's best interests. That's what the Government is supposed to do - take the long view and do what is best for the nation.
National over-dependence on foreign oil from unstable regions around the world is a potential serious threat to National Security and economic collapse due to serious disruptions. The risk of future resource wars is a possibility. Free markets are not going to invest in changing it, its too big with too much risk. This is the place of governments, developed on past models like the NACA, Manhattan Project, Apollo Program, the Interstate Highway System, the TVA.
Governments are not real efficient in these matters, and the U.S. Government may no longer be effective enough to pull them off anyways in modern times, but this is a role for government.