Originally posted by SgtPappy
Originally posted by bozon
My bad. But since it's clear I haven't learned enough, please educate me on what climb is determined by.
Energy is probably the simplest way to look at it. Climb does not depend on power loading. It depends on EXCESS power loading. Excess means power available after you "paid" your drag expense.
Remember that drag comes in two flavors (physically it is the same phenomenon, but in aviation it is divided):
Parasitic - viscous, generated in small scales of the boundary layer between the airflow and the skin. It increase with air velocity.
Induced - caused by large scale aerodynamic effects - the creation of lift and therefore linked to the angle of attack.
Every plane has a sweet spot where the total drag reaches a minimum for a given lift produced. Induced drag will go down with speed (lower AoA needed to produce the same lift) and parasitic always increase with speed. The drag cost therefore changes with speed. Some planes are very good at climbing at low speed, others may reach the same climb rate, but require higher speed to do that (resulting in a shallower climb, but at the same RATE!). The Mosquito for example is a good high speed climber. Its rate of climb falls slowly with increased speed. F6F has a very low best-climb speed and loose climb rate fast if you increase it.
The power we are talking about is not HP measured on the engine shaft. It is actual effective power supplied by the prop. Again, depending on prop design, you can make a prop very efficient at low speeds - that will be a good climbing/accelerating plane, or you may prefer it to be efficient at high speeds - if max speed is what you are after. Usually, it is one at the expense of the other. There are many variables that determine prop efficiency.
Paddle blade props were good for high altitudes and the improvement was mainly in the climb/acceleration and not in top speed. IIRC, in the 9th AF, late in the war, some replaced the prop back to the toothpick since it gave slightly better speed down low (this paragraph is from what I remember reading. I have no details about that).
You can try to find some data here:
http://www.wwiiaircraftperformance.org/