Gums are pinky, spongy structures which are essential to hold and protect the teeth. They adhere to the teeth very closely for sealing to prevent entry/spread of the infection inside, i.e. to the root of the teeth or jaw bone. Due to ageing or disease, gums get weakened and recessed, paving way for falling of the teeth. In all this process of receding, the teeth seem to be elongated, sensitive and feel shaky with
Gum bleeding . Bleeding from the gums is mainly due to injury or infection/inflammation of gums. Such infected/inflamed gums are medically called 'Gingivitis'. It can be seen as red line (blood) in the gum line. If bleeding persists, then it should be taken seriously if it is an indication for illnesses like leukemia (blood cancer), bleeding disorders, etc. One should be aware of hemophiliacs who usually bleed to death.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Infection (bacterial / viral / fungal) arises in the gums and teeth produce acids and toxins which usually erode and cause inflammation of the gums. The inflammation makes gums swollen, red and spongy which increases the tendency to bleed and weakens the stability of the teeth by recession.
Bleeding gums is more commonly seen in adults. In case of children, it is mostly due to injury due to improper brushing. In case of adults or the aged, it is often found to be related with disease. Females have higher incidences than males. Marginal gingivitis is most common i.e. bleeding from gums comes usually from / near the base of the teeth.
During Bleeding:-
Apply gentle pressure for compression, if bleeding persists
Apply ice or take ice cold drinks or juices to stop bleeding
Dont brush the teeth. Instead you can rinse the mouth with salty warm water
Keep you away from all new medication
Visit physician/dentist at the earliest to rule out the causes
