Using higher octane fuel allows higher manifold pressures to be used, thus giving more horsepower out of the engine. The Japanese may well have used 85 octane fuel during the war, whereas the US was using 100 and finally 115 grade fuel, so a question arises when it comes to modelling the Japanese planes as to what fuel grade was used during the flight tests. Is the data original Japanese data or is it US data from captured aircraft, where the fuel grade may have been higher?