That was pretty good info.
When you're starting the engine you watch MAP....if it starts to go back up you "tickle" the primer...if MAP drops and stays low it's running.
It's not uncommon to see different MAP or RPM if the throttle levers are matched up. In the B-17 there is a LOT of cable and pulleys between the throttle lever and the engine...it is very time consuming to keep the throttle levers all perfectly matched up.
One check that is done to test engine performance is something called a "Field Baro Check". You bring MAP up to whatever field barometric pressure (frankly, we just used 30 inches) and then check RPM. It's been a while since I've done one, I think it's 2200 RPM your looking for. If you're getting less RPM than called for you're not getting the power you expect from the engine.
With the Wright 1820s on the B-17 if you have a bad cylinder you'll know it. It'll pop and fart and run rough. Tooling along one day and felt a shake. ?? We started looking around, figured out it was #1...you could see the cowling shudder. We're all thinking we'll probably have to shut the engine down when it made the decision for us -- big ball of fire out of the cowling followed by lots of smoke and vibration. Shut it down, feathered the prop and found a place without a crosswind to land. The #1 cylinder head had departed the cylinder.
With the PW 1830s on the B-24 it was harder to tell if you'd lost a cylinder. Took off out of West Yellowstone and when we did the wing check (after gear up look out at the wing/engines and look for fire, smoke, oil or anything else bad) the copilot noticed a little smoke from #4. We eased the power back a bit and the smoke lessened -- we thought we probably had a push tube O-ring leaking oil causing the smoke so we continued the flight. Upon landing the ground crew told us "something didn't sound right". When I pulled the bottom cowling piece off I noticed a piece of piston ring about 1/2 inch long --- Hmmmm. Grabbed a ladder and climbed up to take a peak and discovered I could look right through top cylinder -- the head had seperated. It was running smooth and I didn't notice any power loss from the engine during our 30 minute flight.
Round engines are fun.