Eliminate any extra hardware, swap to the shortest network cables you can find, etc. I got a couple of bad cables with some powerline adaptors I bought recently, and the cables can be jiggled out of a good connection with just a slight tug on the cable. So I threw out those cables and replaced them with better ones that I knew worked fine.
If you have a switch between the computer and the router, try to connect the computer directly to the switch. Change ports on the switch or router. All that sort of stuff. Get rid of fluorescent lightbulbs or other noisy appliances on the same electrical circuit as the computer, switch, router, cable modem, etc. Even TVs in on, sleep, standby, and off modes can cause huge interference on the power circuits.