The problem is that there are so many variations of the 4th FG airplanes. Goodson scored the bulk of his victories well before that photo was snapped. His last score was on 25 May 1944 (unless we count one on that June mission in which he was downed--still researching all that), so he would have flown this airplane without invasion stripes until just before the time he was shot down and taken prisoner, assuming they were still on it that day.
I see a lot of Mustangs with only the white belly stripes remaining, the other white ones having been removed. What would Goodson's have looked like before then? Would it have had no belly stripes at all but retained the black theater bands?
Colonel Donald Blakeslee in his P-51D Mustang, WD-C, Serial No. 44-13779, which was received by the 4th Fighter Group on 8 July 1944.
By mid-July that year, the Invasion Stripes were removed from the upper surfaces on the Group's aircraft.
Goodson was downed 20 June 1944.
Also, Man O War does not have invasion stripes. It has camouflage stripes.
Going from memory on that one...
I'll have to look at it again obviously.