Sorry this took so long, but at work I read the boards through a tiny "perescope" window, crash diving whenever the boss comes by. Anyhow, about the electoral system and two parties, I wasn't refering to the Electoral College, those ninnies just do what they're told. The real problem (if you want a 3rd party that is) is what is called "Duverge's Law" (I'm not sure on the spelling of that, the romance languages kill me every time. it's pronounced "du-ver-ZHEY") What this law states is that when you have a single member district plurality electoral system*, such as we do for the house and the Senate, you will wind up with only two parties, and those parties will vie for the center of the political spectrum. What happens is:
Let's say that we have a clean slate. We throw all the bums out and start over, but we keep the system as it is. We start off with 8 political parties, four on the left of center, four on the right. In the first year of elections we might very well have a pretty even coverage from all the parties. But soon, within a few cycles, two parties on one side are going to join up because after all, it's better to compromise with the guy who is closest to my beliefs, than to run the risk of letting that pack of weasels from the oposite side win. Now, instead of 8 parties there are 7 parties. Within a cycle or two after that, the oposition does the same thing, they combine two or more parties in an attempt to regain a majority. Now we have between 5-6 parties. And this continues, until there are two parties both struggling to grab those swing voters in the middle.
If you want to check out some cool alternatives (Personally, I like the two party "Push the middle" system, I think it works) check out France and Germany. In France (and correct me if I'm wrong here) You need a majority of the votes in order to win, and if no one has a majority in the initial election, they have a few run-offs until someone DOES get a majority. They just lop off the weaker candidates from the earlier elections. In Germany, they give each district multiple representatives, proportionally alloted according to the percentage of the vote a political party receives.
-Sikboy
*the SMDP means that the nation is divided up into districts and each district is represented by ONE person. That person doesn't need a majority (51%+) of the Votes, just more than anyone else.