Here's some stuff, based on WW2 accounts of the Finnish pilots.
Generally, the formation sizes were smaller than in other airforces during the "trench war" phase of 1942 - 44. Usually the reconnaisance/sweep missions were carried out with a pair of fighters, sometimes with a schwarm. Rarely were fighter formations larger than 8 planes used in sweeps. Intercepts were a different thing, I wont go into that...
About wingman tactics:
Generally, the new pilots flew as wingman, following the leader and covering his tail. This was the more true the more inexperienced the wingman was. Which makes sense: he could do little in air combat, than just try to observe the airspace and make sure that the leader is not attacked.
But as the fighter pilot gained skill, it resulted in the fact that the even the wingman of the pair would attack independently, but of course helping the other out if needed. Very much like the fighting style in AH, I'd say. Each pilot can "stand on his/her own" and fight independently.
The Finnish Air Force doctrine relied heavily on taking the initiative. The Finns were almost always heavily outnumbered, and attack was the best defense. In a large dogfight with many enemies, the ranges between friendly planes got longer and id'ing at those ranges became important, but didn't seem to be a problem for the war time pilots.
Hmmm, I think I had a point in all this writing...
Imho, flying without icons in the present resolution-restricted environment simulates more the first scenario: you will feel blind, just like an inexperienced wingman. But what makes it different from real life is that you won't learn to be any better, because the limitation is in your monitor and hardware, not in your ability to scan the sky. The resolution in AH just isnt good enough to give you enough information.
Imho, short friendly-icons-only is a pretty good compromise presently. It would be nice if the icon settings would be more configurable. And fading icons is a great idea, I hope it would be implemented into AH as well.
Camo