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General Forums => Aircraft and Vehicles => Topic started by: artik on December 02, 2013, 10:24:49 AM

Title: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: artik on December 02, 2013, 10:24:49 AM
Interesting observation...

While without a doubt F-4 Phantom was excellent air superiority fighter that dominated in Vietnam Skys, it hadn't taken such a role by Israelies.

I'll explain...

Israel operated Mirage III, Nesher (IAI Mirage V) and F-4E Phantoms during 1970ths. Phantom was mostly used in air-to-ground missions. The vast majority of air-to-air victories were achieved by Mirage and Mirage derivatives during this period (phantom taking less than 1/3 of them)

See: http://aces.safarikovi.org/victories/victories-israel.html

Reading some autobiographies of the Phantom squadron leaders, the Phantom was never considered as a vastly superior air-superiority fighter but rather massive and powerful attack machine.

More than that IAI Kfir that was developed in 70th as multirole combat aircraft that lost its air-superiority role only with F-15 and F-16 arrival...

I wonder why there is much a big difference in relation to Phantom in US and Israel?

- Was it because US believed in superior Phantom capability to carry missiles (8 vs 2 of Mirage/MiG-21)?
- Was it because Israel could not afford costly Phantom and Mirage and its derivatives were equally good?
- Was it because US had no their own "Mirage" (also century series had similar aircraft)?
- Was it because "Mirage type" aircraft were actually superior in many aspects?  (I know I can't tell it to US players... but yet)

What do you think?
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Ack-Ack on December 02, 2013, 04:26:55 PM
I think the IAF already decided they had a dedicated A2A platform with the Mirage, while the Phantom would be more effective in the A2G role.  But if you look at the history of the Phantom with the IAF, it started to take on more of an A2A role as the years went by and I think it was during the Yom Kippur War that the Phantom achieved more kills than the  Mirage IIICJ the IAF flew, including the only IAF kill on a North Korean MiG 21 shot down over the Gulf of Suez.

ack-ack
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: DaveBB on December 02, 2013, 05:01:14 PM
Phantom pilots had to have special training to fight Migs.  The plane itself was designed in the 50s as a missile carrier.  There are lots of good books on the trouble the F-4 went through, and the ways these were rectified. 

The Phantom had some quirks, but there were ways around them:
(1) Extremely smokey engines- Pilots would use stage 1 afterburner in order to reduce the huge smoke signature from the engines.
(2) Poor turning radius (compared to Migs)- A maneuver was developed at Top Gun for an F-4 in a turning fight with a Mig.  The F-4 would pitch vertical, depart from controlled flight for a very short time, and spin it's nose in front of the Mig to get a firing solution.
(3) The main tactic that Top Gun taught was to double-team Migs. 
(4) Missiles in the 60s were unreliable and had a horrible launch envelope.  It was found that most missiles were fired well outside their launch envelope (either too close, too far away, etc).
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: smoe on December 02, 2013, 05:19:12 PM
Don't forget, the early F-4's didn't have a gun.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Rino on December 02, 2013, 05:41:44 PM
     It could also be possible that the F4 carried ALOT more ordnance than the Mirage/Nesher, so
naturally would be more useful in the air-to-mud role.  I'm also not sure, but didn't the IAF use
mostly shorter range IR missiles and guns?  The Phantom was designed for longer range BVR style engagements against Soviet bombers more than fighters.  It wasn't until 1967 that the internal M-61
20mm saw service on the E model. 

     This is one of the major reasons the kill ratio suffered so much in Vietnam as the ROE were almost
rediculously restrictive.  By the Gulf war, the AIM-7 had been much improved and the ROE adapted to
better engage enemy targets in the mid range envelope.  During the Vietnam war, it was not unknown
for a pilot to fire 2 or 3 Sparrows to get a Mig to turn so he could engage with a Sidewinder.  Since the
Aim-7 was about 3 times more expensive than the Aim-9, this didn't make the beancounters happy.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Gman on December 02, 2013, 09:16:53 PM
SMOE, during Vietnam, F4's doing CAP often would carry the "pistol", a centerline gun pod.  With no modern avionics or site, it was a crapshoot.  Once the F4E came along, using the gun became much easier from what I've read.  I read an article written by Ritchie, the first ace in the F4 for the Air Force, and he talked about forgetting about the gun in the F4E during one fight, he was so used to not having one, or a reliable accurate one, in the older models.

The OP question I think is odd.  The USAF, US Navy, and USMC all used the F4, everyone knows that, but they also had other types, types that matched up very well to the Mirages and Kfir's.  The Navy had the F8 Crusader in that time period, an excellent single seat single engine fighter, very maneuverable, great thrust/weight for the time, and 4 decent reliable guns.  Sounds like the perfect Israeli fighter to be honest.  There was also the A4, again, used by the Israeli's, plus smaller lighter "Mirage" types that the USAF had like the F5 and others.

I think Israel just made the best of what they had, or better said what they could get during the time period specified.  Also, the OP being from Israel, I'm sure he knows better than us, but the airspace isn't all that big, and you don't need as large of a fuel carrying monster like the F4 in order to do the job.  Also regarding the missiles, Israel was smart enough to figure out that the missiles of the day weren't reliable in the least, even the best Aim9's at the time had laughable firing parameters, and even then 2/3's of them missed or didn't work.  So, they focused on the gun.  Nearly every video you see of the IAF during the wars of 67 and 73 goes on and on about their a2a gun kills.  I'm pretty sure the reason is that the IAF trained their pilots to use the gun to great affect as the missiles on both sides, US and Soviet, just weren't all that lethal yet.  The enemies of the IAF probably didn't focus on gun training as much, if at all, and didn't know how to respond to close maneuvering Mirage, A4's, and even F4's of the IAF.  Just what I've read, but it seems pretty valid.

So, IMO, the reason the IAF used the F4 primarily as a strike fighter was that during that time the IAF identified that a: they didn't need such a longer range fighter in their close range airspace, b: the missiles were terrible, and to focus on using gun armed fighters, which the F4 wasn't until the E model, in the early 70's, and even later for the IAF, c: The Israeli defense establishment could far more easily copy Mirage fighters and manufacture them than they could F4's.  This all said, I realize that the IAF did score a large number of kills with missiles during the wars of the period, but god only knows how many missiles missed or just didn't work, I'm sure it was along the lines of the US in Vietnam, which was a lot.  Having the skill and capability to gun enemy fighters probably made a big difference in IAF survival and kill ratios.

The last point, c:, I brought up regarding Israel making its own fighters like the OP alluded to is important.  They never "made" their own during that period, is was much more of a reverse engineer and re manufacture type of deal I believe.  The F4 was far larger and more complex than the Mirages, and the parts were probably easier to either source through grey area means or to build in country for Israel.  That and the fact that the F4 wasn't the optimal aircraft for a cheap a2a fighter with a ground attack capability anyway.  Israel did eventually get there IMO.  The Lavi was a nice little fighter.  It's called the "J10" now in China.  Of course Israel protests that it would never, EVER betray the US and transfer weapons tech to China like that (snicker, cough), but all sources say that it not only looks almost identical, that China actually received a flyable Lavi once upon a time. 
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: artik on December 03, 2013, 02:29:12 AM
Quote
But if you look at the history of the Phantom with the IAF, it started to take on more of an A2A role as the years went by and I think it was during the Yom Kippur War that the Phantom achieved more kills than the  Mirage IIICJ the IAF flew

Actually the statistics of Yom Kippur War:

- Phantom F-4E - 90 kills + 3 shared
- Mirage IIICJ/IIIBJ - 102 kills + 3 shared
- Nesher (IAI Mirage V) - 132 kills + 7 shared...

Which lives the Phantom with about 28% of all A2A victories.

Quote
Don't forget, the early F-4's didn't have a gun.

Actually IAF Phantoms were F-4E models with guns... I don't think that IAF would agree to buy ones without a gun.
Even when Israel bought their first US aircrafts - A-4 Skyhawk they required an upgrade of their 20mm guns to 30mm DEFA guns that were more reliable and efficient.

Quote
There was also the A4, again, used by the Israeli's, plus smaller lighter "Mirage" types that the USAF had like the F5 and others.

A-4 was never really a fighter and never used in this role (also some managed to get some A2A kills) F-5 had very limited use by USAF also mostly in a2g role. Also it was used by South Vietnamese air force. (BTW F-5 is beautiful little plane)

Quote
Also, the OP being from Israel, I'm sure he knows better than us, but the airspace isn't all that big, and you don't need as large of a fuel carrying monster like the F4 in order to do the job.

Actually one of the major favorite features of F-4 was its range and capacity. It was frequent that Mirages operated on their range limit and could afford very short time over the target. Don't forget that they should cross all the Sinai territory and penetrate to deep Egypt territory frequently.

Quote
I'm pretty sure the reason is that the IAF trained their pilots to use the gun to great affect as the missiles on both sides, US and Soviet, just weren't all that lethal yet.  The enemies of the IAF probably didn't focus on gun training as much, if at all, and didn't know how to respond to close maneuvering Mirage, A4's, and even F4's of the IAF.  Just what I've read, but it seems pretty valid.

Yes, gunnery was important part, and significant part of not major part of all A2A victories were achieved with guns (can't find exact statistics).

One of the most successful missiles was actually Shafrir 2 (Israeli analog of AIM-9B) that performed exceptionally well 176 lunches and 89 kills (~50%) which was higher than similar ratio for AIM-9 at IAF. Also it was mostly attributed to the better training with Shafrir 2 such that it was lunched carefully in the correct fire envelope.

Interesting note: on the day that first 3 F-15 kills were achieved one of them was actually a gun kill (first world and IAF F-15 kills).

Also important note, because of the air-2-ground role of Phantoms in IAF, it had suffered significant looses to SAM and AAA in that period. Such that one of the IAF squadrons had lost half of their machines. On the other hand some Nesher squadrons managed to pass the entire war without a single loss while achieving many air to air victories.

Finally I assume that the main reason was

- IAF had good air superiority fighters like Mirage and Nesher, but they were less efficient against ground targets especially covered by heavy SAM umbrella that required very complex bombing tactics and avionics.
- On the other hand, A-4s and F-4 had much better a2g capabilities that is why they mostly operated in this role
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: bozon on December 03, 2013, 04:31:56 AM
Artik,
The IAF is very offensively orientated. Therefore it dedicated its best machines of the time, the F-4 phantoms, to do the most difficult task of deep strikes. Mirage III were mostly dedicated to air-superiority role and the Nesher were mixed. Therefore the Mirage and Nesher tended to be more ready to go A2A and had more opportunities to do so.

The theoretical BVR ability of the F-4 remained mostly in theory. Missiles were not good enough, sensitive to various forms of counter measures and most importantly, the conditions were never right to make the most out of it. Most kills in 1973 were still done with the cannons, so the large missile load of the F-4s did not give them a large enough advantage over the Mirages to prefer them in the air superiority role.

The first 2 days of Yom Kipur war were not part of the normal IAF mode of operation. Everything was thrown at the Egyptian crossing of the canal since there was nothing else to stop them. Most of the Israeli ground army was many miles away unready and the small force spread along the Suez was being overrun. F-4 being the most devastating ground pounder in the IAF made sortie after sortie into the SAMs range and suffered badly, while the Mirage held the air defense.

So the bottom line is that IAF did not consider the F-4 inferior to the Mirage in the A2A role, it just had other more important roles to do.

Quote
A-4 was never really a fighter and never used in this role (also some managed to get some A2A kills)
The two kills (mig 17s) were done by the same pilot in a single sortie. The A-4s did not even had an A2A gunsight for the cannons - he aimed by intuition. The second kill was even more amazing - he unloaded a full salvo of HVAR rockets at the mig in a tail chase and completely evaporated the mig.

Quote
See: http://aces.safarikovi.org/victories/victories-israel.html
Thanks for the link.
I was looking for the exact date of the 5 USSR mig21 kills. 30 July 1970.  :aok
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 03, 2013, 08:11:03 AM
I would say that the best fighter of the '60s was probably the Mirage III, and in early '70s the Mirage F1 until the F-15 and F-16 became operational in the late '70s. The Mirage III and F1 is certainly some of the most battle proven aircraft of the cold war having seen action in wars in South America, Africa and the Middle East/Asia.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kTao-UaeECI
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: icepac on December 03, 2013, 12:02:24 PM
Anybody notice that Chalmers "slick" Goodlin got a kill in a spitfire?

He was the first X1 pilot played by William Russ in "the right stuff".

Great pilot, great actor.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Fulcrum on December 03, 2013, 01:28:47 PM
I would say that the best fighter of the '60s was probably the Mirage III, and in early '70s the Mirage F1 until the F-15 and F-16 became operational in the late '70s. The Mirage III and F1 is certainly some of the most battle proven aircraft of the cold war having seen action in wars in South America, Africa and the Middle East/Asia.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kTao-UaeECI

Mirage III was also the most beautiful fighter of its generation as well (IMHO)....

(http://m4.i.pbase.com/o2/03/881703/1/106602754.AB3c5Bc6.MirageA317a_a.jpg)

Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: bozon on December 03, 2013, 01:56:30 PM
I would say that the best fighter of the '60s was probably the Mirage III, and in early '70s the Mirage F1 until the F-15 and F-16 became operational in the late '70s. The Mirage III and F1 is certainly some of the most battle proven aircraft of the cold war having seen action in wars in South America, Africa and the Middle East/Asia.
The Mirage III was not a great dogfighter. It was designed as a missile armed interceptor and early models did not even have cannons. Just about any plane in the sky could out-turn it, but it had great speed and climb (interceptor after all). At the time the France and Israel had good relations and the Mirage III was the best the IAF could get their hands on. The US would not sell any arms to Israel at the time, the USSR was equipping the arab armies and I do not know about the brits, but no weapons were bought there by Israel after the Meteor that the brits in their post-war economic state were selling to just about anyone.

In addition, the IAF had good experience with Dassault company in the 50s and early 60s with the Ouragan and Mystere. After the Mirage III performance in the hands of the IAF during the 6 days war and beyond Dassualt sales and reputation skyrocketed. However, immediately after the 6-days war de Gaulle imposed a weapon embargo "on the middle east" which practically meant Israel, thus ending the love affair between the IAF and Dassault - or almost. The Mirage V was designed partially to meet the requirements of the IAF, but was not ready when the embargo took effect. The Israeli Mossad got hold of the Mirage V plans which aided the Israeli aircraft industry to build the Nesher. Some claim it was not very difficult to get those plans and Dassault simply gave them away willingly "under the table" so de Gaulle would not be pissed.

The Mirage III was the equivalent of the AH 190D9 - fast, good roll rate and climb but appalling in a turn fight. The IAF simply learned to make the most out of it. I am quite sure that several American planes were just as good or better: F-8 Crusader, F-5, and F-4 phantom are strong contenders, the latter was definitely better after getting its cannon. The F-106 was useless without a cannon. The British Electric Lightning and Hawker Hunter were also very good, though the Hunter was probably too slow. The Russian Mig 21 was a superb fighter, very close match to the Mirage III with some advantages and disadvantages. It turned a lot better than the Mirage.

I grew up next to one of the IAF bases that had Kfir (the next Israeli development of the Mirage after the Nesher) squadrons. The arrow silhouettes in the sky is something I grew up with. I have seen many from up close. Beautiful beautiful planes the Mirages and much smaller then the impression given by pictures. Too bad France went all French on us after the 6-days war and we could not get more of their planes. I am sure Dassault wished things were different as well.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 03, 2013, 02:48:42 PM
High-speed maneuverability of the M.III was nothing short of excellent compared to its contemporaries. Low-speed handling was certainly on par as well, but the MiG-21 and F-5 was a bit better. The Israeli M.IIIs often fought older generations of Soviet and British fighters like the MiG-17 and Hawker Hunter which are obviously more maneuverable than any '60s fighter. The first major production model of the Mirage series, the Mirage IIIC, was armed with twin 30 mm DEFA cannon. The IIIB was a two-seat trainer, and only ten IIIAs were produced (it was effectively a pre-production series).

Is indeed a very beautiful plane.

Swiss M.IIIs in the Alps: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MQU1f_bgPFE&feature=player_detailpage#t=37
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Ack-Ack on December 03, 2013, 03:00:14 PM
Other than the North Korean MiG 21 shot down over the Gulf of Suez during the Yom Kippur War, did the Israelis shoot down other Commie Bloc jets during the war? 

ack-ack
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 03, 2013, 03:12:20 PM
Do you mean Soviet jets flown by Soviet crews, or just Soviet jet designs? If it's the latter then all the Arab states flew MiG-17s and 21s. IAF claimed 73 kills against Egyptian MiG-21, and 29 against Syria.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Shifty on December 03, 2013, 03:12:42 PM
Ack-Ack.. What is the story on this North Korean Mig-21? How did it get to the Gulf of Suez?
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 03, 2013, 03:21:04 PM
http://www.businessinsider.com/israel-north-korea-dogfight-yom-kippur-war-2013-6

Seems like the Egyptians shot down the Korean by mistake.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: artik on December 03, 2013, 03:34:50 PM
Other than the North Korean MiG 21 shot down over the Gulf of Suez during the Yom Kippur War, did the Israelis shoot down other Commie Bloc jets during the war? 

ack-ack

1. The story about North Korean MiG-21 is very strange, it is mentioned in very few sources... Also some of them according to theaviationist (http://theaviationist.com/2013/06/24/iaf-f-4-vs-nk-mig21/) are Israeli (http://www.amazon.com/Hammers-Israels-Long-Range-Heavy-Bomber/dp/076433655X)
2. Really interesting story is Israeli vs Soviet air force: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Rimon_20, it was a setup to show Soviets "who is in charge" and ended with 5 Soviet migs shut down and 1 Israeli Mirage damaged.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Ack-Ack on December 03, 2013, 03:48:17 PM
Ack-Ack.. What is the story on this North Korean Mig-21? How did it get to the Gulf of Suez?

During the Yom Kippur War, some Commie Bloc countries like Angola, Cuba and North Korea sent MiGs and pilots to aid Egypt.  The planes didn't carry their country marking though, as the IAF pilots that shot down the MiG thought it was Egyptian until told later it was North Korean.

ack-ack
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Ack-Ack on December 03, 2013, 03:49:14 PM
http://www.businessinsider.com/israel-north-korea-dogfight-yom-kippur-war-2013-6

Seems like the Egyptians shot down the Korean by mistake.

Yeah, sad way to go.  According to the IAF pilots that tangled with the MiG, the MiG driver was pretty good.

ack-ack
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 03, 2013, 03:57:06 PM
This thread makes me want to play Strike Fighters 2 Israel...
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: artik on December 03, 2013, 03:58:43 PM
Anybody notice that Chalmers "slick" Goodlin got a kill in a spitfire?

He was the first X1 pilot played by William Russ in "the right stuff".

Great pilot, great actor.

http://101squadron.com/101/people/goodlin.html

Many interesting pilots had flown for IAF in the beginning including WW2 aces: http://101squadron.com/101real/people.html
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: artik on December 03, 2013, 03:59:59 PM
This thread makes me want to play Strike Fighters 2 Israel...

BTW: http://bbs.hitechcreations.com/smf/index.php/topic,356443.0.html

And yes.... I want to fly Mirage in AH level simulator badly...
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Shifty on December 03, 2013, 04:03:37 PM
Interesting stuff thanks guys.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: FLS on December 04, 2013, 06:39:37 PM
Navy F-4 always had guns. The USN had a different mindset than the USAF and still trained gunfighters in the 60's. The Migs in SEA avoided the USN Phantoms in favor of attacking the USAF until they also added guns. A joke at the time was " they're called missles not hittles."

The A-4 made a nice fighter for the IAF after they upgraded the engine.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: B3YT on December 05, 2013, 02:00:10 AM
i thought Navy F4 never got the internal gun and only the USAF got the gun?
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Shifty on December 05, 2013, 06:37:59 AM
i thought Navy F4 never got the internal gun and only the USAF got the gun?

You are correct. The first internal Vulcan cannon armed F4 Phantoms were F4Es of
the USAF. There were 39 Vulcan cannon air to air kills from 1966 to 1972 all were made by
USAF F-105s and USAF F-4s. Of the 10 cannon kills made by USAF F-4 Phantoms 6 were made by externally mounted
SUU-16 or SUU-23 externally mounted cannons. The other four kills achieved by cannon armed F4s were internally
mounted Vulcans in F4-E Phantoms. There were no USN F4 Phantom air to air kills achieved by cannon
all were by missiles. The USN F8 Crusaders are another story and achieved quite a few air to air kills with their cannons.

The Migs in SEA avoided the USN Phantoms in favor of attacking the USAF until they also added guns.

Don't know where you came by this information but it's wrong. Even if it was true. How would the Mig pilot know it was a USAF or
USN Phantom? If they avoided F4s it was because they were ordered to intercept the bomb carrying F-105s and A4s.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Widewing on December 05, 2013, 07:21:47 AM
i thought Navy F4 never got the internal gun and only the USAF got the gun?
U.S. Navy Phantoms did not have a gun. F-4B and F-4J... They had the option to install a centerline gun pod, but I never saw one used.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Widewing on December 05, 2013, 07:23:55 AM
The USN F8 Crusaders are another story and achieved quite a few air to air kills with their cannons.

I think that this has been very much over-hyped. Only a handful of F-8 kills were via guns. 4 or 5 IIRC.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Shifty on December 05, 2013, 07:43:11 AM
I think that this has been very much over-hyped. Only a handful of F-8 kills were via guns. 4 or 5 IIRC.



True, going by this source it was the early F-8 kills maybe three at the most, then they too started nailing Migs with Aim-9s.

http://myplace.frontier.com/~anneled/usvictor.html (http://myplace.frontier.com/~anneled/usvictor.html)

It looks as if the Gun Fighter award goes to the F-105 guys who were probably concerned with getting in finding and hitting their target and getting the hell outta
Dodge more than fighting Migs.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: bozon on December 05, 2013, 07:43:51 AM
The A-4 made a nice fighter for the IAF after they upgraded the engine.
The A-4 skyhawks were the first American jets to serve in the IAF and arrived in 1969. The Previous US planes were P-51s but no all of them made it to Israel in a legal way. The US did not sell arms to Israel till the Arab side aligned itself with the Soviets (post 1967, also reflected in the discussion above about N.Korea and USSR migs involvement). Thus, the Israeli-Arab conflict became part of the cold-war in which Israel was representing the west. The A-4 marked the change in the IAF from French to US jets.

The A-4 gave excellent service. Actually, they still do and will be retired soon. 45 years in combat service... not bad at all. The most remarkable thing about the A-4s is that there was nothing remarkable about them. There was no ground breaking technology in them. they were subsonic in the age of the Mach-2 fighters. No special tricks or gimmicks.

What they were is "just right" and that is what made them great. They had nothing that they did not need. They are tiny! it is really amazing to look at a fully loaded A-4 - I cannot imagine that thing getting into the air with so much hanging on its little wings, and still they do. In an age where dogfighting was much more dominant over BVR they were a @!#$% to take down. A well flown pair of A-4s can still frustrate modern F-16s in a dogfight if the latter are limited in their missile envelope. Because it was so simple, it left plenty of room for additions, upgrades and improvements. The IAF A-4 got new engines, avionics, ECM, (that's what the humpback on the Israeli A-4s is for) many of the latter made in Israel especially for the IAF.

To me the seemingly "unremarkable" A-4 is one of the best combat planes of the 60s and 70s. Oh so much cheaper then any alternative it epitomize the phrase "cost effective". They do not build them like this any more. 45 years in combat service - that does say something.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Fulcrum on December 05, 2013, 07:46:43 AM
I think that this has been very much over-hyped. Only a handful of F-8 kills were via guns. 4 or 5 IIRC.


This is correct based on the information I have as well.  Also, the Colt 20mm cannons on the F8s tended to jam...something I understand was never fully corrected.

FYI - for those interested, several good books out there on the F8.  Barrett Tillman's MIG Master provides a pretty good overview of the development and operational life of the plane.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: artik on December 05, 2013, 08:37:46 AM
The A-4 gave excellent service. Actually, they still do and will be retired soon. 45 years in combat service... not bad at all. The most remarkable thing about the A-4s is that there was nothing remarkable about them. There was no ground breaking technology in them. they were subsonic in the age of the Mach-2 fighters. No special tricks or gimmicks.

I've seen a Discovery Wings TV series about A-4. They weren't too appreciated and were relatively  quickly phased out from USN and Marines in favor of bigger machines. However yet A-4 is known aircraft... One thing about USN/USAF is that they really like big fat, expensive machines, probably because they can be afforded. And this isn't only than, it is now today... Look at B-2, F-22 and F-35? Yet the affordable F-16 are the backbone if USAF and F-18 are the backbone of USN and highly successful war machines. They are frequently called "obsolete"... probably for not 100% performance related reasons.

So why the A-4 is actually considered so remarkable plane being so "average"?

I think this happens to every aircraft that falls in hands of IAF... They become glamorous.

- Who would know about the Mirage if it wasn't serving in IAF?
- Who would talk about unprecedented superiority of F-15 with its enormous amount of air to air victories with 0 loses (vast majority if them by IAF)?

Not that these aircraft would stand on their own, but in such a hostile environment as Middle East and with superior training of IAF every aircraft that serves there become famous. BTW, according to this (Hebrew) (http://www.sky-high.co.il/134771/%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%9A-%D7%94%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D-%D7%90%D7%9C-%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%A7) the F-5 was also considered, I wonder what would happen to the F-5 if it was operated by IAF.

Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: FLS on December 05, 2013, 12:56:12 PM

Don't know where you came by this information but it's wrong. Even if it was true. How would the Mig pilot know it was a USAF or
USN Phantom? If they avoided F4s it was because they were ordered to intercept the bomb carrying F-105s and A4s.


Their Russian advisors told them based on where they took off from. It's pretty obvious who it is when come up from a CV.

In Linebacker I and II, the USAF had a kill ratio of 2:1 with .58 kills per sortie. The USN kill ratio was 6:1 with .98 kills per sortie.  The Navy was the bigger threat at that time.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: 63tb on December 05, 2013, 01:21:03 PM
This is correct based on the information I have as well.  Also, the Colt 20mm cannons on the F8s tended to jam...something I understand was never fully corrected.

FYI - for those interested, several good books out there on the F8.  Barrett Tillman's MIG Master provides a pretty good overview of the development and operational life of the plane.


Were these Colt 20mm still the American copies of the Hispano? I have read articles by Tony Williams and others, who described the manufacturing issues the American built Hispanos had during WWII. It is surprising if these same issues still existed when the F-8 was deployed. AFAIK the British never had these issues even when deployed in their jets.

63tb
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Shifty on December 05, 2013, 01:54:17 PM
Their Russian advisors told them based on where they took off from. It's pretty obvious who it is when come up from a CV.

In Linebacker I and II, the USAF had a kill ratio of 2:1 with .58 kills per sortie. The USN kill ratio was 6:1 with .98 kills per sortie.  The Navy was the bigger threat at that time.

You're forgetting you said the reason the Migs were avoiding Navy F4s was that they were a bigger threat because of their cannons, again they had no cannons. Navy F4s were not a bigger threat than Air Force F4s. You've been watching too much Popeye the sailor or something. Kill ratios on US fighters at any time in Vietnam probably had more to do with the area they were opperating in than quality or bravery of the aircrew. The USAF had more Mig kills than the USN during Vietnam, that is a fact. However it doesn't mean the USAF Fighter Pilots were a bigger threat than Navy Fighter Pilots. I just means more USAF aircraft had the opportunity to engage and destroy Migs more than Navy aircraft.

 By the way there were 8 Mig 21s shot down during Linebacker II in December 1972. Two were destroyed by Navy F-4s, two were destroyed by B-52 gunners. The other four were destroyed by USAF F-4s.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: FLS on December 05, 2013, 02:04:04 PM
You're right I said Phantoms and I should have just said Navy fighters. Point was the Navy was pro gunfighting and started Top Gun when people in the AF thought guns would make pilots turn and burn when they should be extending. Eventually everyone realized that fighters should have guns.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Shifty on December 05, 2013, 02:24:39 PM
Actually Top Gun was formed to revive the lost art of Air Combat not just Gun Combat.  The Navy was invested deeply in the air to air missile culture because of the F-4 being their main Fleet Defense fighter until the Tomcat became operational. Fighter Weapons School put a razor's edge on the employment of all air to air weapons. Good thing they did too it showed the Air Force they needed to reevaluate their thinking as well.  :)
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Fulcrum on December 05, 2013, 04:16:18 PM

Were these Colt 20mm still the American copies of the Hispano? I have read articles by Tony Williams and others, who described the manufacturing issues the American built Hispanos had during WWII. It is surprising if these same issues still existed when the F-8 was deployed. AFAIK the British never had these issues even when deployed in their jets.

63tb

Not sure but I do not believe they were Hispano copies.  Widewing likely can shed some light on this. 

If memory serves the issues were with the feed mechanism under heavy Gs jamming and also with the ejection of spent cases inside the ammo compartment.  I'll need to go back to some of my source material to be sure. 
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Widewing on December 05, 2013, 08:42:28 PM
Not sure but I do not believe they were Hispano copies.  Widewing likely can shed some light on this. 

If memory serves the issues were with the feed mechanism under heavy Gs jamming and also with the ejection of spent cases inside the ammo compartment.  I'll need to go back to some of my source material to be sure. 

The Mk12 20mm wasn't really a copy of the Hispano 404, it was a distant descendant of the Hispano. The Mk12 proved to be somewhat unreliable when exposed to high G loading. The Israeli's understood the  various issues with the Mk12 , having experienced the problems first hand. Many users of the A-4 replaced the Mk12s. I believe the Israeli's installed 30mm DEFA cannons.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: bozon on December 06, 2013, 02:40:36 AM
Many users of the A-4 replaced the Mk12s. I believe the Israeli's installed 30mm DEFA cannons.

Indeed. The A4 pilot that got the two mig 17 kills said his was special because it had the  DEFA cannons. I think it became more common later.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: DaveBB on December 06, 2013, 06:53:58 AM
Strangest kill of the Vietnam War:  A C-123 flying from Thailand on recon and support missions over Laos spotted a giant Soviet heavy-lifting helicopter.  After seeing this helicopter twice, the aircraft commander loaded multiple lengths of chains in the cargo hold of the aircraft.  The C-123 made several passes over the huge helicopter, having the load master and other crew throw the chains out of the back the aircraft.  Finally, one of the chains hit the rotor and the huge helicopter crashed into the jungle, resting on its side.  Later, an A-6 or A-7 mission destroyed the crashed helicopter and whatever it was helping build.

Source: "Flying through Midnight"
http://www.amazon.com/Flying-Through-Midnight-Dramatic-Missions-ebook/dp/B000FCKIYQ (http://www.amazon.com/Flying-Through-Midnight-Dramatic-Missions-ebook/dp/B000FCKIYQ)
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: 63tb on December 06, 2013, 01:09:01 PM
The Mk12 20mm wasn't really a copy of the Hispano 404, it was a distant descendant of the Hispano. The Mk12 proved to be somewhat unreliable when exposed to high G loading. The Israeli's understood the  various issues with the Mk12 , having experienced the problems first hand. Many users of the A-4 replaced the Mk12s. I believe the Israeli's installed 30mm DEFA cannons.


Ok, thanks. As I recall the issue with the WWII American versions of the Hispano was loose tolerances in the firing chamber, causing partial primer strikes. When the British pointed this out, the American solution to this was to require the shells have a coating of wax!
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Gman on December 06, 2013, 02:06:08 PM
Barrett Tillman was one of my favorite aviation authors growing up, him and Mark Berent.  Tillman I've seen on a few tv programs and also a couple of articles someplace talked about the cannons on the F8 and how unreliable they were, especially if fired under any G load.  Strange that a plane with the nickname "Last Gunfighter" had crappy poorly functioning guns.  I've still seen and read some great stories by Crusader pilots during the Vietnam war and it was a great single engine fighter by all accounts.

The SUU23 pod I've read had a gunsight of some kind that made hitting a target somewhat possible, but everything else I've read about the gun pods wasn't rave reviews for sure.

I've also read a lot about the air to ground IAF tactics during the 67 and 73 wars, and apparently they used the A4 with 30mm mounted guns to great affect against enemy tanks.  I've always wondered about that, a slow firing single barrel x2 gun platform vs the heavy tanks of the era, and wondered how many the A4's actually killed, as some guys had written that a number of times flights of 4 A4's would beat the hell out of a company of tanks, some pilots killing 3, 4, even 5 tanks in a single sortie.  I don't want to doubt them, it just seems like really good shooting, when you think about the A10 and its fire rate in comparison with the same caliber of round, those A4 pilots must have been very good shots and got in very close.

Speaking of Tillman, he wrote a book about the F20 Tigershark, and I always thought it was the perfect fighter for Israel.  It was probably the most efficient fighter of the time when it came to using fuel, it could hang with anything in the sky in visual range fights, and could be equipped with a good radar as well.  It was also very small, and hard to see, and from the pilots I know who fly the CF18, when they used to fight vs the CF5's, they said it was a real PITA due to their size.  They did have very good 20mm guns, mounted in a great position for good accuracy/trajectory as well, and like I said, due to the guns, size, and cheapness for the high performance given, I always figured Israel would be the one country that would have bought the F20.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Ack-Ack on December 06, 2013, 04:28:00 PM
Strangest kill of the Vietnam War:  A C-123 flying from Thailand on recon and support missions over Laos spotted a giant Soviet heavy-lifting helicopter.  After seeing this helicopter twice, the aircraft commander loaded multiple lengths of chains in the cargo hold of the aircraft.  The C-123 made several passes over the huge helicopter, having the load master and other crew throw the chains out of the back the aircraft.  Finally, one of the chains hit the rotor and the huge helicopter crashed into the jungle, resting on its side.  Later, an A-6 or A-7 mission destroyed the crashed helicopter and whatever it was helping build.

Source: "Flying through Midnight"
http://www.amazon.com/Flying-Through-Midnight-Dramatic-Missions-ebook/dp/B000FCKIYQ (http://www.amazon.com/Flying-Through-Midnight-Dramatic-Missions-ebook/dp/B000FCKIYQ)

Going to have to get that book, never heard of this encounter until today.  I had always thought the strangest A2A engagement of that war was the encounter at Site 85 in Laos, when NV AN-2 Colt bi-planes attacked the CIA installation and were shot down by an Air American Huey.

Shoot out at Site 85 (http://snafu-solomon.blogspot.com/2013_03_09_archive.html)

ack-ack
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Ack-Ack on December 06, 2013, 04:32:47 PM
Barrett Tillman was one of my favorite aviation authors growing up, him and Mark Berent.  Tillman I've seen on a few tv programs and also a couple of articles someplace talked about the cannons on the F8 and how unreliable they were, especially if fired under any G load.  Strange that a plane with the nickname "Last Gunfighter" had crappy poorly functioning guns.  I've still seen and read some great stories by Crusader pilots during the Vietnam war and it was a great single engine fighter by all accounts.

The SUU23 pod I've read had a gunsight of some kind that made hitting a target somewhat possible, but everything else I've read about the gun pods wasn't rave reviews for sure.

I've also read a lot about the air to ground IAF tactics during the 67 and 73 wars, and apparently they used the A4 with 30mm mounted guns to great affect against enemy tanks.  I've always wondered about that, a slow firing single barrel x2 gun platform vs the heavy tanks of the era, and wondered how many the A4's actually killed, as some guys had written that a number of times flights of 4 A4's would beat the hell out of a company of tanks, some pilots killing 3, 4, even 5 tanks in a single sortie.  I don't want to doubt them, it just seems like really good shooting, when you think about the A10 and its fire rate in comparison with the same caliber of round, those A4 pilots must have been very good shots and got in very close.

Speaking of Tillman, he wrote a book about the F20 Tigershark, and I always thought it was the perfect fighter for Israel.  It was probably the most efficient fighter of the time when it came to using fuel, it could hang with anything in the sky in visual range fights, and could be equipped with a good radar as well.  It was also very small, and hard to see, and from the pilots I know who fly the CF18, when they used to fight vs the CF5's, they said it was a real PITA due to their size.  They did have very good 20mm guns, mounted in a great position for good accuracy/trajectory as well, and like I said, due to the guns, size, and cheapness for the high performance given, I always figured Israel would be the one country that would have bought the F20.

Wasn't the F-20 an evolution of the F-5?  It's unfortunate it never saw any service with any country, though I do recall Northrop had some success in selling components that came out of the F-20 program before it was cancelled.

ack-ack

ack-ack
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Nefarious on December 06, 2013, 09:17:34 PM
Air to Air Kills and Claims SEA part 1

http://www.acig.org/artman/publish/article_243.shtml

Air to Air Kills and Claims SEA part 2

http://www.acig.org/artman/publish/article_244.shtml

Another reason The USN didn't use the Gun Pod like the Air Force did was because of fuel constraints. First off, The USN very rarely ever used the out board 370 gallon tanks on the F-4 B/J and later the N/S while at sea. The Navy was forced to use the the 600 gallon centerline because without it the F-4 would barely have enough fuel to reach the tanker after takeoff. It literally would expend all it's internal fuel in 6-7 minutes during take off ops.

The USAF on the other hand could use the outboard 370 gallon tanks because of the ease of use while operating at modern airfields in Thailand and South Vietnam and could find a tanker fast if they had to jettison their tanks.

If you check the links I posted, the F-105 appears to have more gun kills than the F-4C and D (USAF variants with Gun Pod).
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: DaveBB on December 07, 2013, 09:26:17 AM
Wasn't the F-20 an evolution of the F-5?  It's unfortunate it never saw any service with any country, though I do recall Northrop had some success in selling components that came out of the F-20 program before it was cancelled.

ack-ack

ack-ack

Yeah, the F-20 and F-16 were designed with same criteria in mind.  A fighter that excelled at within-visual-range air to air combat.  The plane had a tremendous instantaneous turn rate.  Unfortunately this caused a fatal g-loc and one of the test pilots was killed after he passed out at the onset of such a high g-load.  One of the criteria of the aircraft was to not have a large amount of room (5 cubic feet iirc) for upgrades.  The pilots involved in the design did not want the aircraft being loaded down with a bunch of extra equipment weight or being used for other purposes.  Perhaps this is what caused the downfall of the F-20.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: bozon on December 07, 2013, 12:25:40 PM
I've also read a lot about the air to ground IAF tactics during the 67 and 73 wars, and apparently they used the A4 with 30mm mounted guns to great affect against enemy tanks.  I've always wondered about that, a slow firing single barrel x2 gun platform vs the heavy tanks of the era, and wondered how many the A4's actually killed, as some guys had written that a number of times flights of 4 A4's would beat the hell out of a company of tanks, some pilots killing 3, 4, even 5 tanks in a single sortie.  I don't want to doubt them, it just seems like really good shooting, when you think about the A10 and its fire rate in comparison with the same caliber of round, those A4 pilots must have been very good shots and got in very close.
I've never heard of this, but I seriously doubt they destroyed the tanks with their 30 mm guns. Detracked them and caused lots of external damage to the equipment, likely. Often, this is all that you really need, but this is nothing that can't be repaired and not likely to kill the crew inside. Bombs and cluster mines were used against tanks and A-4 dropped lots of these in the Golan Heights in 1973 in an attempt to slow the massive armor charge of the Syrians.

Quote
Speaking of Tillman, he wrote a book about the F20 Tigershark, and I always thought it was the perfect fighter for Israel.  It was probably the most efficient fighter of the time when it came to using fuel, it could hang with anything in the sky in visual range fights, and could be equipped with a good radar as well.  It was also very small, and hard to see, and from the pilots I know who fly the CF18, when they used to fight vs the CF5's, they said it was a real PITA due to their size.  They did have very good 20mm guns, mounted in a great position for good accuracy/trajectory as well, and like I said, due to the guns, size, and cheapness for the high performance given, I always figured Israel would be the one country that would have bought the F20.
The F-20 was overlooked by the IAF for several reasons. First, at the time Israel was developing its own fighter - the Lavi. Initially it was supposed to be a cheap modern fighter, something in the spirit of the F-20, but it ended up as a direct competitor to the F-16 at a higher price than initially intended. The US put a lot of pressure on Israel to cancel that project and eventually it was canceled (there were other reasons as well). Part of the pressure to cancel the project was a "carrot" - a very attractive arms deal that included the latest block of F-16s at an attractive price. These were brand new ,right off of the production line. Many of the fighters that Israel got from the US before that were used ones, handed down from the USAF. The IAF could not pass up such an offer and filled its ranks with shiny new F-16s. At the time, the Kfir filled the all purpose cheap fighter of the IAF and in combination with the A-4s on one side and F-16s, F-15s and Israeli-upgraded F-4 Phantoms on the other side, there was no need or room for the F-20.

Also, there is a lot of politics involved in such deals. I bet that the US administration had an interest in promoting the F-16s deal with the IAF over a hypothetical F-20 deal. Perhaps because the USAF was highly invested in the F-16 and more sales meant lower cost per unit overall.

The F-20 could have been a good IAF plane, but the timing was just wrong and conditions not right for this to happen.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: FLS on December 07, 2013, 01:08:43 PM
The 30mm gun was mounted angled down and didn't align with the fixed sight in the A-4. It was difficult to use well and saw less use than was anticipated when the 20mm was replaced.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: J.A.W. on December 10, 2013, 03:58:27 PM
Combat usage can make or break warplane reputations, yet if the operators are poorly matched in
level of competence, or asymmetric combat situations - then outcomes can be distorted beyond reasonably predictable outcome norms.

For example NATO didn't fight the Soviet bloc in a hot war, yet trained to do so,
& ran hard combat training scenarios against their own types.

& RAF Lightning jockeys always fancied their chances in A2A manoeuvres versus  Phantom,  Tornado & F-104s in those `70s-80s NATO training encounters.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Mister Fork on December 10, 2013, 04:51:31 PM
Combat usage can make or break warplane reputations, yet if the operators are poorly matched in
level of competence, or asymmetric combat situations - then outcomes can be distorted beyond reasonably predictable outcome norms.

For example NATO didn't fight the Soviet bloc in a hot war, yet trained to do so,
& ran hard combat training scenarios against their own types.

& RAF Lightning jockeys always fancied their chances in A2A manoeuvres versus  Phantom,  Tornado & F-104s in those `70s-80s NATO training encounters.
As Chuck Yeager said: "it's the man, not the machine" that will win a dogfight.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Puma44 on December 10, 2013, 10:40:33 PM
As Chuck Yeager said: "it's the man, not the machine" that will win a dogfight.
A well known saying in the fighter world; "Hamburger is still hamburger, not matter what you wrap it in".
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: J.A.W. on December 10, 2013, 10:51:00 PM
& which would you rather chow down on, a $2.00 Mc Dubious..
or a quality $10.00  super-gourmet burger?

For sure an ace will,  vs a newbie [to quote Yeager] 'wax his fanny'  in relatively similar types,
but pilots of fairly equal ability & who well know the flying attributes of both aircraft,
- will give the better performing plane - due justice..
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: artik on December 11, 2013, 03:24:33 AM
To be honest I think one of the important features of good aircraft is reasonable maintenance cost.

If you want to have well trained air force, they should fly... a lot, in different kinds of environments. If a plane costs a lot, its flight time costs a lot and its maintenance is time consuming... no matter how good the plane, it wouldn't be able to fly.

For example, in Battle of Britain, the Hurricanes did all the job also they were clearly inferior to Spitfires and 109s... But, they were much easier to produce and maintain. It took about 26 minutes to refuel and rearm Spitfire, while it took only 9 minutes for Hurricane - and it is a huge difference.

The short turnaround times and high sortie generation rate is highly critical. It is something that was mastered by Israeli Air Force that compensated the numerical inferiority by keeping the aircraft in the air.

Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: B3YT on December 11, 2013, 12:00:19 PM
My Grandfather worked on Huricanes in the DAF (just missing out on the BoB as he was in crew training in South Wales) . He often commented on how much more rugged the Hurricane was , easier to repair ( The stole bamboo canes from a guys garden to repair the rear fuselage  , they also cut up  the officers mess while in the desert to use for new wing covering as there was no canvass available for doping) .  the performance discrepancy between the Spitfire Mk Ia and hurricane Mk Ia was of no real issue until the Mk V spit came along .

The Hurricane had fantastic attributes that neither the spit or 109 had , such as stable gun platform , docile handling , the neutral sensitivity between the ailerons and elevators (which the spit did not have , the elevator control was overly sensitive)   good control on the ground.  When you look at records hurricanes shot down as many single and twin engined fighters than the spit fire though it was called inferior .   One example my grandfather saw was a hurricane coming back to land with the pilot not realising that  he had a 4ft hole blown through his wing and the majority of his tail missing . The aircraft was airworthy within 2 hours .  On another repair they had to use bicycle parts to repair .
   
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Puma44 on December 11, 2013, 12:45:40 PM
& which would you rather chow down on, a $2.00 Mc Dubious..
or a quality $10.00  super-gourmet burger?

For sure an ace will,  vs a newbie [to quote Yeager] 'wax his fanny'  in relatively similar types,
but pilots of fairly equal ability & who well know the flying attributes of both aircraft,
- will give the better performing plane - due justice..
The $10.00 burger is still hamburger.  You miss the point.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: J.A.W. on December 11, 2013, 02:33:10 PM
& the point is?

The pilot is the hamburger, since he is 'wrapped' in the plane?

Then the quality of the 'meat' outweighs the concern about the rest?

So an ace (like Yeager) would be a quality gourmet unit compared
to a $2.00 Mc Dogmeat burger?

Isn't that the point?
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Fulcrum on December 11, 2013, 02:40:54 PM
Does anyone really consider a McAnything "real food" these days?  :D
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Puma44 on December 11, 2013, 05:08:04 PM
& the point is?

The pilot is the hamburger, since he is 'wrapped' in the plane?

Then the quality of the 'meat' outweighs the concern about the rest?

So an ace (like Yeager) would be a quality gourmet unit compared
to a $2.00 Mc Dogmeat burger?

Isn't that the point?
Since you seem to need to be contrary vs open minded, you'll never get the point.  END OF CONVERSATION.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: J.A.W. on December 11, 2013, 05:17:27 PM
Contrary-wise, if I have 'missed the point' - could it be..
.. that is because it was 'open' to interpretation, & you haven't given your
view of what it means?

Did the original analogy mean no ground beef burger meat can match a fillet steak as
a quality filling?

Or that all burgers are per-se 'junk' food, by comparison to a real deal steak dinner?

Or does it mean that an F-15 is a Texas steak compared to a Mc D-quality MiG?

Or maybe - that a poor quality pilot is gonna end up as ground meat whatever he flies?
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: SirNuke on December 12, 2013, 11:31:05 AM
back to Mirage III...quality plane isn't it?  :devil

it was in competition for the interceptor contract with this Nord 1500 Griffon II

(http://xplanes.free.fr/stato/french_ramjet/griffon_19.jpg)


mach 2.19 in 1959

Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: bozon on December 12, 2013, 02:29:49 PM
back to Mirage III...quality plane isn't it?  :devil

it was in competition for the interceptor contract with this Nord 1500 Griffon II

(http://xplanes.free.fr/stato/french_ramjet/griffon_19.jpg)


mach 2.19 in 1959


What a hideous beast! It looks like someone attached a mirage III wing to a F-100 body and on top of the place where the cockpit used to be, welded the entire front section an F-106 delta dart. EEEWWW....

Just to think that in some alternate reality this abomination exists instead of the Mirage III...
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: J.A.W. on December 12, 2013, 03:44:44 PM
Crikey, the French sure have a knack for flying oddities don't they..

That lump looks like a reject from a G & S Anderson S-F puppet-show model shop..

& where is the bubble canopy?
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: MiloMorai on December 13, 2013, 01:08:31 AM
Looks like an ancestor of the F-16.

Where is the bubble canopy?
(http://q-zon-fighterplanes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/Convair-F-106-A-Delta-Dart.jpg)
(http://militaryfactory.com/aircraft/imgs/convair-f102-deltadagger.jpg)
(http://militaryfactory.com/aircraft/imgs/lockheed-f104-starfighter.jpg)
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: J.A.W. on December 13, 2013, 01:20:29 AM
Yeah, they really lost the plot on that pilot combat vision thing - post Korea, huh?

Not enough combat happening - for the fighter jocks to scream out..

'WTF! - Where is my stinkin' bubble canopy!'

Had to wait for the mid-70`s & the F-14/15/16 & etc..
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 13, 2013, 01:30:24 AM
Bubble canopy was too draggy for '50s and '60s jet engines. Modern fighters have enough power to allow for that compromise without sacrificing too much speed. Just look at the F-104 to see what lengths they had to go to to achieve Mach 2 in those days. It's literally a jet engine with a seat in front of it.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: SirNuke on December 13, 2013, 01:30:56 AM
the griffon II was powered by a RAMJET engine, its max speed was only limited by the wall of heat  :aok

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord_1500_Griffon

(http://jpcolliat.free.fr/griffon/images/griffon_09.jpg)
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: J.A.W. on December 13, 2013, 01:39:59 AM
Bubble canopy 'too draggy'- don't think so.. How did the Sabre-jet manage?

& hot powerful twin-engine `50s-60s birds like the Phantom & Lightning were speed heat limited
canopy-wise, had nothing to do with insufficient thrust..
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Puma44 on December 13, 2013, 02:01:35 AM
Looks like an ancestor of the F-16.

Where is the bubble canopy?
(http://q-zon-fighterplanes.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/Convair-F-106-A-Delta-Dart.jpg)
(http://militaryfactory.com/aircraft/imgs/convair-f102-deltadagger.jpg)
(http://militaryfactory.com/aircraft/imgs/lockheed-f104-starfighter.jpg)

The "six" and the "zipper" had bubble type canopies,  the "Deuce" did not.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 13, 2013, 06:25:27 AM
Bubble canopy 'too draggy'- don't think so.. How did the Sabre-jet manage?

It was subsonic.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Oldman731 on December 13, 2013, 06:55:02 AM
It was subsonic.


But the Super Saber was not!

Century-series fighters.  Killers, but real man's man planes.

- oldman
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 13, 2013, 09:06:12 AM
Yeah, and the Super Sabre lost that wonderful F-86 bubble canopy with raised pilot position to a much more slippery canopy with almost no rearward visibility.

(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/North_American_F86-01.JPG)

(http://www.cavok.com.br/blog/wp-contents/uploads/2013/04/F-100D_kevsaviationpics-com.jpg)
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 13, 2013, 09:12:53 AM
The Super Sabre kinda looks like a Reno racer customized Sabre...
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: bozon on December 13, 2013, 01:55:53 PM
The Super Sabre was the prettiest US jet fighter till the arrival of the F-16. Of course the F-4 Phantoms had the same kind of beauty as the P-47 Thunderbolt and american muscle cars - instead of slick lines and feminine sexiness, they are the beauty of machinery in its pure brutal form that entirely ignores aesthetics. In a way, a machine can be so ugly that it becomes beautiful again.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: J.A.W. on December 13, 2013, 02:39:29 PM
It was subsonic.


Hang on, but didn't Wheaties Welch beat Chuck to the Boom?

In the prototype  XP-86?

Bubble canopy drag was not a significant factor, it was a Mach-heat limitation..
.. (& maybe an 'area rule' over-reaction)..

By the time A2A combat was a happening thing, real B-Cs were def' on the list for new gen fighters.

Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 14, 2013, 04:14:32 AM
Nonsense.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: J.A.W. on December 14, 2013, 04:35:45 AM
Nonsense.



What is? ...the Wheaties thing.. ..could be true.. .. the F-86 can boom.. in a dive..

& both powerful twin-engine Phantom & Lightning Mach 2+  jets were air-heat limited speed-wise..
They even had windscreen overheat warning devices that went off to prevent the glass going bang..

Check it if you doubt it..

& you do know about the 'area rule' (supersonic airframe-wise) don't you?
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: SirNuke on December 14, 2013, 04:38:18 AM
JAW even I know you are wrong. stop trolling please.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: J.A.W. on December 14, 2013, 04:56:07 AM
What do you really know S-N?

From 'Phantom Over Vietnam' by John Trotti, pilot USMC.. P.189..

On a Phantom flight test at high Mach..

"Though its activation was silent, the illumination of the master caution light acted like a
flash of lightning, spiking my adrenaline & sending my hand to the throttles.

The windshield hi-temp telelight had come on, mandating that I abort the run...
...the high temperature could have weakened the bulletproof section of the glass in the
forward windscreen, causing it to lose temper.
 
Thereafter, any sharp blow from some object (such as a bird) might shatter it
 which at high speed could have the same effect as a buckshot blast in the face ..."

Trolling, huh?
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: artik on December 14, 2013, 05:24:25 AM
Also I think the drift from fully bubble cockpit to the cockpit with reduced rear visibility was mostly due to believe that the "next generation of fighters would not dogfight" - most of these fighters were designed as interceptors rather than "pure fighters"

See as example, Mirage III had no guns in initial designs and was designed as in interceptor, MiG-21 had even more limited rear visibility in comparison to MiG-17 and MiG-19 and was designed as clear interceptor with amazing climb rate for its period.

I think this drift in cockpit design wasn't purely aerodynamics related (also are ruling was clearly affecting the cockpit design) but also the vision of fighter aircraft than. It changed back in later designs that come with "fighter mafia concepts" like F-16, F-16 and Eastern MiG-29, Su-27.

Even today the only "pure interceptors" flying today MiG-31 have much poor rear visibility as it by no means can dogfight anything.


Curious note about MiG-21... [1]

It is know that it have very good low speed handling as was very maneuverable, although it wasn't designed to fly at low speeds at all. During late 60ths (IIRC) the  were complains by the MiG-21 middle east customers. MiG-21 there had significant number of failures of a first and second compressor stages. While the MiG-21s in Soviet service hadn't experienced such problems.  A MiG Design Bureau's test pilot Boris Orlov with a crew of engine engineers were sent to the middle east to check the problem.

When he returned to Russia he told that Arabs were flying the MiGs like nobody else. The "normal" minimal speed of MiG-21 was around 450-500km/h (280-310mph) while Arab pilots were flying them "down to" 250 km/h (150mph) with full afterburner during hard maneuvers. This caused unplanned engine regime that caused high vibrations that resulted in high ratio of engine failures. Initially the MiG designers thought to add a manual limitations to prevent such an engine regimes but it was decided to improve the Engines and made such a regimes "fully combat"

So you can clearly see that nobody at that period though of highly maneuverable fights, nether western designers (F-104, F-4) nor eastern one (MiG-21)

[1] The source of this story is an autobiography book by Valery Menitsky - the MiG Design Bureau test pilot that was one of the main test pilots of MiG-29 and MiG-31 designs.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 14, 2013, 05:30:05 AM
J.A.W. you're talking about the windshield, which takes the brunt of the friction heating. That has nothing to do with if the canopy is bubble shaped or not. The canopies of the century fighters, the Mirage III, the F-4 and other '60s fighters are made of the same materials as the Mach 2.5+ F-15: stretched acrylic with fiberglass edge attachments. In the earlier jets the windshield (hardened glass) shielded the canopy. In later jets they partially work their way around the heat problem aerodynamically. If you don't have the spare power to counter the drag... no bubbles if you want to go to Mach 2 as was the case with the century fighters.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: bozon on December 14, 2013, 06:38:31 AM
Interesting info Artik. Thanks.

IAF pilots considered the mig-21 as a much better turner than the Mirage III. Some described its break turn as "looks like they pulled the stick right into their bellies".
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 14, 2013, 08:03:52 AM
That wasn't Shilomo Aloni's conclusion in Mirage III vs MiG-21: Six Day War 1967. His conclusion is that the Mirage was better in the horizontal whilst the MiG was better in the vertical (better thrust to weight ratio).
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 14, 2013, 08:12:42 AM
To say that these two aircraft were closely matched is almost an understatement.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6AlsW_Xx3dg
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: bozon on December 14, 2013, 01:16:20 PM
That wasn't Shilomo Aloni's conclusion in Mirage III vs MiG-21: Six Day War 1967. His conclusion is that the Mirage was better in the horizontal whilst the MiG was better in the vertical (better thrust to weight ratio).

To say that these two aircraft were closely matched is almost an understatement.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6AlsW_Xx3dg

Mirage pilots were impressed by the mig's break turns. That is not the same as sustained turning, though I was under the impression that the Mig21 generally turned better. I need to read again some of the old books and magazines I read over 20 years ago... :)

That specific story about the crazy mig21  - he was fighting the jet-age ace of aces in the Mirage. The outcome was inevitable - I am sure you watched the rest of the episode that describes what followed up in that sortie.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: J.A.W. on December 14, 2013, 03:47:03 PM
J.A.W. you're talking about the windshield, which takes the brunt of the friction heating. That has nothing to do with if the canopy is bubble shaped or not. The canopies of the century fighters, the Mirage III, the F-4 and other '60s fighters are made of the same materials as the Mach 2.5+ F-15: stretched acrylic with fiberglass edge attachments. In the earlier jets the windshield (hardened glass) shielded the canopy. In later jets they partially work their way around the heat problem aerodynamically. If you don't have the spare power to counter the drag... no bubbles if you want to go to Mach 2 as was the case with the century fighters.


Nonsense, except in the case of area ruling, see the F-102 to F-106 development saga..

& in the case of the F-100 & F-104, they feature a flattened-type bubble behind steeply raked
windscreens..

The Lightning was developed as an interceptor rather than as an A2A fighter, as was the
Phantom, but both had thrust to burn & could use it effectively in A2A..

The Mirage  was a delta, but had no tail, whereas the MiG 21 was a tailed delta
( as was the A4 Skyhawk) - an advantage for combat manoeuvre - the Mirage delta
 always needed a canard  - just like the Nord featured - from the start..
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: MiloMorai on December 14, 2013, 06:38:08 PM
Is that a bar I see like the Westland Whirlwind had?

(http://www.whatifmodelers.com/gallery/3617_24_10_08_9_15_58.PNG)
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: J.A.W. on December 14, 2013, 06:57:02 PM
'Is that a bar I see like the W.W. had?'

Or is it also - a canopy in 2 sections?
(i.e. - not a true clear-view bubble - blown from a single Perspex sheet..)

Wanna expound on the stupidity of the downward firing ejection seat in the 'widow-maker' too, m.m.?
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: MiloMorai on December 15, 2013, 02:50:19 AM
'Is that a bar I see like the W.W. had?'

Or is it also - a canopy in 2 sections?
(i.e. - not a true clear-view bubble - blown from a single Perspex sheet..)

Wanna expound on the stupidity of the downward firing ejection seat in the 'widow-maker' too, m.m.?

So I am not on the ignore list. :eek:

Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: J.A.W. on December 15, 2013, 04:34:59 AM
Like I wrote, if you are prepared to be civil & interesting, you're ok by me, m.m. - for  sure..
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 15, 2013, 08:04:31 AM
That specific story about the crazy mig21  - he was fighting the jet-age ace of aces in the Mirage. The outcome was inevitable - I am sure you watched the rest of the episode that describes what followed up in that sortie.

Epstein is the fifth highest scoring jet ace after two Germans and two Russians. The jet-age began in 1944.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: artik on December 15, 2013, 08:10:54 AM
Epstein is the fifth highest scoring jet ace after two Germans and two Russians. The jet-age began in 1944.

He is the Ace of Aces for Supersonic jet fighters... not 1st generation fighters.

BTW this 3K split-S just shows how underestimated MiG-21 was.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 15, 2013, 08:16:32 AM
If you limit it to supersonic jets only, then yes. You did not specify that in your earlier post though.

A MiG-21 with no external load and low on fuel is very nimble indeed. Although it must be said hat this particular MiG driver was already much slower than what would be normal in combat due to his frantic maneuvering. The slower you are when starting your split-S the less altitude you need to recover, and he just barely made it.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: bozon on December 15, 2013, 11:47:05 AM
Jet age is jet vs jet, not jet vs lumbering 4 prop bombers.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 15, 2013, 11:48:21 AM
Still leaves the Korean conflict... And no, the jet age started in 1944.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 15, 2013, 11:58:53 AM
And half of Epstein's kills were not supersonic fighters, but MiG-17s, ground attack planes and a helicopter... so there goes that argument out the window.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: J.A.W. on December 15, 2013, 04:36:14 PM
& so, as G.S. rightly points out, jet-age combat began in `44..

The 1st jet to shoot down another jet aircraft action did occur in `44 too..

The RAF deployed its 1st jet-fighter, the Meteor - to shoot down jet propelled V1 cruise missiles..

 RAF Tempests shot down 800+ V1s &  all operational types of LW turbo-jets too..
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: artik on December 16, 2013, 12:31:03 AM
Once again. Epstein is considered Ace of Aces of Supersonic Jet aircraft, i.e. he achieved his victories while flying supersonic jet.

All his killes were achieved in Mirage III and Nesher.

And yes, there are higher scoring Jet pilots but they had achieved their victories on Subsonic jet fighters.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_aces_of_aces
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: J.A.W. on December 16, 2013, 12:36:56 AM
Ah... Supersonic jet.. eh, A, now that's an interesting qualifier..

& do kindly tell, how many of those victories were achieved - at  Mach 1+, then?
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: bozon on December 16, 2013, 01:51:35 AM
Still leaves the Korean conflict... And no, the jet age started in 1944.
Kramarenko if I am not butchering his name had less than 10 jet on jet confirmed kills, at least according to wiki. Which Korean ace had more than 17 kills in jet vs jets?

V1 is an unmanned drone, not a plane and no meteor pilot got 17 of them.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: J.A.W. on December 16, 2013, 02:18:34 AM
V1 is a jet airplane-cruise missile, & a type of robot aircraft, not a remote control drone per-se..

& one Tempest pilot bagged 60+..
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 16, 2013, 04:20:43 AM
Kramarenko if I am not butchering his name had less than 10 jet on jet confirmed kills, at least according to wiki. Which Korean ace had more than 17 kills in jet vs jets?

So now the new qualifier is "jet vs jet" lol, this just keeps getting better. Btw. Epstein did not have 17 kills on jets. One was a helicopter.

The top 10 jet aces of all time (i.e. no "qualifiers" to artificially limit the result to Israelis only). It's a bit jumbled, but you can read it.

Rank First Name Name Country Jet Victories Sources Detail Air Service Units Death Note Other Sources
ObLt Kurt WELTER Germany 29 P. Kacha (56 confirmed?) Luftwaffe 5./JG301,10./JG300,Kdo Welter(10./NJG11),NJKdo262 Wilde Sau. Me-262 night fighter. 60(Toli.);56(Ledw.);51;59
Maj Georg-Peter EDER Germany 24 R.Toliver-T.Constable Luftwaffe 4./JG51,7 & 12./JG2,6./JG1,JG26,EJG2,Kdo.Now.,JG7 Viermots hunting master. Me-262 jet ace. 14 jet
Maj Nikolai Vasilevich SUTYAGIN USSR 24 V.Arkhipov (12 conf.US) VVS 5 IAP; 17 IAP, 523IAP 12/11/1986 MiG-15, 1951-52. 22(Sewell);21+2(Bodrik.)
Col Evgenii Georgievich PEPELYAEV USSR 23 W.Thompson (4 unconf.) VVS 29 IAP, 300 IAP, 162 IAP; 196 IAP MiG-15, 1951-52. 20(Polak); 19+4sh; 11; 16
Maj Giora EPSTEIN AVEN Israel 17 P.Mersky IDF/AF 101Sq Mirage III, Six-Day, Attrition, Kippur.
ObstLt Heinrich 'Pritzel' BAER Germany 16 P.Kacha Luftwaffe 1. & 12./JG51,I./JG77,JGrSüd,JG1,JG3,EJG2,JV44 Bf-109, FW-190, Me-262 ace, 39-45. 220 (Toliver); 222
Capt Joseph Jr 'Jo' MCCONNELL USA 16 F. Olynyk USAF 448BG; 39FIS/51FIW 25/08/1954 B-24, ww2. F-86F top ace, 1953. KIFA.
Oblt Rudolf RADEMACHER Germany 16 R.Toliver-T.Constable (23 unconf?) Luftwaffe 3 & 1./JG54, Erg.Gr.Nord, 11./JG7 13/06/1953 Bf-109 and Me-262 ace. 102 (Morgan);97; 8 jet
Maj James 'Jabby' JABARA USA 15 F. Olynyk USAAF & USAF 382FS/363FG; 334FIS/4FIW 17/11/1966 P-51, ETO 44. F-86, Korea, 1951, 1953.
Maj Dmitrii Pavlovich OSKIN USSR 15 N.G.Bodrikhin (2 conf. US) VVS 523 IAP MiG-15, 1951. 9(Zamp.); 11(Polak)
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 16, 2013, 04:35:50 AM
In "jet vs jet only" the Korean War ace Joseph C. McConnell matches Epstein's kill tally of 16. However McConnell's bag of pelts does not include the inferior quality fur of ground attack planes (Su-7/20) and outdated fighters (MiG-17). McConnell's kills were all contemporary MiG-15s.

http://acepilots.com/korea_mcconnell.html

(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Joseph_McConnell.JPG/469px-Joseph_McConnell.JPG)
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: bozon on December 16, 2013, 07:06:58 AM
Great, this guy qualifies. So the jet on jet ace of aces title is shared. I was not aware he had that many.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 16, 2013, 07:31:12 AM
Then there is Nikolai Vasilievich Sutyagin:

Nikolai Sutyagin was born on May 5 1923 in the village of Smagino Buturlinsk, in a peasant family. He started his military career in 1941, and the following year he graduated from the Air Military School in Chernigov; in August 1945 participated in the short Soviet-Japanese war, which ended with the unconditional surrender of Japan.

Sutyagin served in the 17th IAP of the 303rd IAD when the Korean War began, and in May 1951 the Division was sent to Manchuria to reinforce the 324th IAD. He flew his first combat sortie on early June 1951, and his score began to rise:

    19 June 1951 - First victory, the F-86A of Robert H. Laier (MIA).
    22 June 1951 - his 2nd F-86 kill, his victim is Howard Miller (POW); he aso claimed a 3rd Sabre on this day.
    24 June 1951 - his most impressive victory when shot up the F-86A of Colonel Glenn Eagleston (CO of the 4th FIW), who had to belly land in Suwon. Eagleston's Sabre was written off.
    26 June 1951 - his 5th kill, the F-80C of Bob Lauterbach (KIA), officially becoming Asov (Ace).
    29 July 1951 - shot down the F-86A #49-1098, his 6th kill (his 5th kill confirmed by US records).
    9 August 1951 - claimed an F-80.
    25 August 1951 - together with the CO of the 17th IAP, Mayora (Maj.) Grigorii Pulov, intercepted what they identified as Australian Meteors and both claimed one Meteor each.
    26 September 1951 - one of his more successful days: in two separate sorties the 17th IAP engaged Meteors of the RAAF No. 77 Sqdn and Sabres of the 336th FIS, and he scored in both furballs: first shot-up the Meteor of Ernst Armit (written off later that day) and later shot down the F-86A of Carl Barnett (MIA).
    10 October 1951 - awarded with the Golden Star, he became Hero of the Soviet Union.
    November 1951 - claimed to have shot down three F-86 and one F-84 (none confirmed by US records).
    3 December 1951 - bagged another Sabre (the F-86A 49-1184) and claimed one F-84.
    15 December 1951 - shot-up one F-86E of the 334th FIS. The unfortunate pilot (William F. Prindle) crashed and died while trying to land at Suwon airbase.
    6 January 1952 - two victories: the F-84E of Donald Grey (KIA) and the F-86E of Lester Page (MIA).
    11 January 1952 - last victory, his 21st: the F-86E of Thiel M. Reeves (MIA).

After the war Sutyagin graduated from the Air Academy in 1956 and the Military Academy "Genchtaba" in 1964. Promoted to Mayora-General and retired in 1978. He died on November 12 1986.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: bozon on December 16, 2013, 02:52:11 PM
Counting from that list Vasillevich had 15 confirmed kills.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 16, 2013, 03:31:02 PM
21 confirmed by the Soviets. War is a messy business... Of Epstein's kills, how many do you know the name of the pilot or the serial number of the aircraft? All of them? If not, should we discredit those that are unknown?

Please provide a list of the names of the pilots and/or the serial numbers of the aircraft that Epstein shot down. If you can't then those kills are not "confirmed" either by your standards...

Edit: You seem confused about what "confirmed kill" means; it does not mean confirmed by the enemy. It means confirmed by your own side.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: J.A.W. on December 16, 2013, 03:57:50 PM
Gun camera footage can be conclusive.. if it is genuinely applicable..

Although - it is not exactly unknown for PR/propaganda  units to be, ah..
..creative in manipulation/hyping stuff up, too..

That is why historians do their best to establish time/date/I.D victory coordinates..
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: bozon on December 17, 2013, 02:34:15 AM
Please provide a list of the names of the pilots and/or the serial numbers
I don't need to provide anything. I don't even care who really got the most kills. My point regarding the crazy mig21 split S was the he was fighting one of the top jet pilots and the outcome does not say much about the relative performance of the planes as it was mostly determined my the pilots. The someone started to split hairs about the definition of "jet age" as if that mattered to 60-70 jets.

Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: artik on December 17, 2013, 02:56:12 AM
I don't need to provide anything. I don't even care who really got the most kills. My point regarding the crazy mig21 split S was the he was fighting one of the top jet pilots and the outcome does not say much about the relative performance of the planes as it was mostly determined my the pilots. The someone started to split hairs about the definition of "jet age" as if that mattered to 60-70 jets.

+1 :aok

Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: J.A.W. on December 17, 2013, 03:04:47 AM
So, how many 'supersonic' jet kills were made at 'supersonic' speed then?

Did an IAF pursuit-vector-intercept -attempt ever result in a kill on a high Mach MiG 25 over-flight?
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: artik on December 17, 2013, 03:39:53 AM
So, how many 'supersonic' jet kills were made at 'supersonic' speed then?

Probably 0, but it does not really matter.

You know, for this particular discussion you may assume that Giora Epstein isn't ace at all and its all IAF propaganda  :D

Seriously, how much can we discuss if "supersonic capable jet" is relevant category for ace of aces or not... Especially when it is absolutely irrelevant it is just a title. What is interesting is facts...

You know? If it suits you, lets call Giora Epstein the ace of aces of Israeli Air Force... or Ace of Aces of Israeli-Arabic wars. Is it ok by you guys?

Did an IAF pursuit-vector-intercept-attempt ever result in a kill on a high Mach MiG 25 over-flight?

As a meter of fact, yes... Totally 3 MiG-25s were killed by IAF. 2 by pure F-15 interception and one is shared claim with Hawk SAM.

First F-15 that killed a MiG-25 was an Israeli F-15A flown by Benyamin Zinker at February 03 1981. He intercepted the supersonic MiG-25 and shut it down with AIM-7F. These were supersonic reconnaissance versions of MiG-25 that IAF couldn't catch until F-15 entered the service.

I can't currently find the exact quote of the pilots story but AFAIR it was a classic interception.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 17, 2013, 04:30:31 AM
I don't need to provide anything. I don't even care who really got the most kills.

This is your fifth post arguing the matter, so I do get the impression that you actually care.


You know, for this particular discussion you may assume that Giora Epstein isn't ace at all and its all IAF propaganda  :D

...

You know? If it suits you, lets call Giora Epstein the ace of aces of Israeli Air Force... or Ace of Aces of Israeli-Arabic wars. Is it ok by you guys?

Much better, and you guys should care. Epstein may not be the "jet ace of aces" of all time, but he was one of the best and a hero of your nation. He deserves every praise you can bestow upon his name.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: bozon on December 17, 2013, 09:20:53 AM
This is your fifth post arguing the matter, so I do get the impression that you actually care.
I was not arguing anything. Someone called 1944 the "jet age" and "jet aces" because of 262s and V1s, I replied that I was referring to jet on jet war. Then you mentioned the American and Russian ace of Korea that had about similar jet kill totals and I did not know about. I thank you for pointing that out, but non of that contributed to the main discussion, perhaps only diverting it.

Quote
Much better, and you guys should care. Epstein may not be the "jet ace of aces" of all time, but he was one of the best and a hero of your nation. He deserves every praise you can bestow upon his name.
This is not really how we do things. We praise our war heroes in a much more humble way than other nations.
Americans often say "thank you for your service" to their veterans. Here almost everyone is a veteran and many have been through at least one war, some even two or three.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Widewing on December 17, 2013, 10:20:24 AM
Counting from that list Vasillevich had 15 confirmed kills.

I see only 10 confirmed by actual loss records...

Doesn't surprise me much. Soviets claimed more Sabres (617) than actually deployed during the whole of the war when the Soviet "honchos" were active. Just 78 F-86 types were lost. USAF claims of a 10/1 kill to loss ratio is certainly inaccurate. Recent reviews of claims (witness reports and gun camera film) have reduced the kill claims by almost 40%. It is suspected that some of those disallowed are actually accurate, but the objective evidence is insufficient to establish more than a probable or just damaged. Some researchers believe that the number of MiG-15s shot down is even less that. Others, more. The Soviet records are simply not reliable enough to quantify. Why are the records unreliable?

Some researchers are realizing that Soviet Korean War loss and kill records were heavily doctored by local commanders. It's a legacy of the Stalin era. Never report reality if reality isn't glorious. One document shows that 578 MiGs were reported destroyed or damaged in operational accidents during the war. Some involved in the current research believe that more than half of these were combat casualties, but reported as operational accidents. Because of the general fear of political retribution within the Soviet Air Force during Stalin's tenure, it is thought that many records were doctored to avoid incurring political wrath. There were instances where this occurred during WWII. No one wanted Stalin to fully understand the magnitude of Soviet failure early in the war. Failure was softened up wherever possible and successes exaggerated. This was the political reality of the time. Thus, there will always be concerns about the accuracy of Soviet combat records during that period of Soviet history. I am trying to get an accurate total of Sabrejet losses and write-offs due to operational accidents in the Korean Theater.

There was one very interesting engagement during the Korean War between US Navy F9F-5s and MiG-15s. It wasn't over Korea or Manchuria. It occurred between Russia and Korea. I have copies of all records released. The image below is a portion of the AAR submitted by USS Oriskany, edited with later findings added in red. The short story is that 7 Mig-15bis fighters attacked one portion of the Oriskany's CAP. The result was 3 MiGs shot down, two badly damaged. One F9F-5 was damaged, but all returned safely to Oriskany.

(http://www.mediafire.com/convkey/c0dd/80na4gq022r1m3wfg.jpg)
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 17, 2013, 10:35:40 AM
I see only 10 confirmed by actual loss records...

Then you need to look again.


How many of the US aces have their kill scores verified against Soviet records?
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Widewing on December 17, 2013, 10:39:21 AM
Then you need to look again.


How many of the US aces have their kill scores verified against Soviet records?

Read my entire post and you'll understand that Soviet records for the time period are almost worthless. The only thing they can prove beyond doubt is that they had typewriters.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 17, 2013, 10:56:25 AM
Read my entire post and you'll understand that Soviet records for the time period are almost worthless. The only thing they can prove beyond doubt is that they had typewriters.

I did read your entire post, and while overclaiming was rampant on the Red side, most of the claims of the four top scoring aces, Sutyagin, Pepelyayev, Shchukin and Kramarenko, proved to be very reliable, as did the claims of several other aces, e.g. Aleksandr Smorchkov, Stepan Bahayev and Dmitri Samoylov.

Of Sutyagin's 21 claims, 12 victories are confirmed from UN records: 10 F-86s, 1 F-84, 1 Meteor. After the ceasefire there were hundreds of UN pilots MIA, lost to unknown causes. 31 USAF F-86 pilots are still MIA, 60 years later. Someone shot them down. The other UN members are also still missing pilots.

"Failed to return."
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 17, 2013, 11:14:04 AM
Btw. Widewing, have you seen the guncam footage from that F9F/MiG-15 engagement (or maybe another one)?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IpsqUHWZmeY
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: Widewing on December 17, 2013, 11:55:35 AM
Btw. Widewing, have you seen the guncam footage from that F9F/MiG-15 engagement (or maybe another one)?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IpsqUHWZmeY

Yeah, it was an earlier and different engagement.

I do have various frames from Rowlands' camera. They show a wrecked MiG trailing smoke or fuel or both. The frames shows a high angle deflection shot that finished the MiG. F9Fs had a great deal more hitting power with four 20mm cannon than Sabres and their 6 fifties.  With all cannons closely grouped in the Panther's nose, getting covered by that gunfire stream was sure to do some serious damage. Had Sabre's been fitted with cannon, a lot of those damaged MiGs would not have made it home. On the other hand, the 23mm and 37mm guns of the MiG were exceptionally lethal. A low rate of fire, combined with severe recoil made it very hard to get hits on fast fighters. However, when they did get hits, the Sabres took a beating.
Title: Re: Air Superiority Fighter of 60th-70th
Post by: GScholz on December 18, 2013, 12:57:53 PM
Yeah, the Korean War was a wakeup call for the USAF with regard to firepower. As for the MiG-15's guns, the 37mm was an anti-bomber gun, but I've always wondered why the twin 23mm is considered to have a low rate of fire by so many? Each 23mm had a rof of 800-850 rpm. That's 1600-1700 23mm shells per minute. I would think the 80-rounds per gun (6 seconds worth) was a greater limitation than rof.