The funniest thing here... Is that 5 posts into this thread, a link was posted that explained exactly why the airplane does fly... But so many didn't read it... Here it is again for those of you who are just here to argue..
http://txfx.net/2005/12/08/airplane-on-a-conveyor-belt/I will try one more time, and then I'm jumping out of this discussion because the utter lack of understanding is really depressing. I suppose some of you believe if a tree falls in the forest and no one is there, then it really doesn't make a sound?
Ok... 3rd Law of Motion... For every action there is an equal an opposite reaction..
So you use a fan to act on the air. We agree? Good.
The fan does not act on the ground at all... This is why planes keep flying even when the ground stops touching the plane.
Since your motive force is acting in the medium of air, that is where the reaction will occur, this moves the plane. The conveyor simply isn't part of the math, well, perhaps to a negligible amount due to the tiny friction, but these are wheels on ball bearings, the brakes are not applied, they are simply rolling at whatever speed they roll at, they have no relationship to the thrust being created by the propeller.
Above, and also in the linked article, the analogy of a string tied to the plane are used, this is a great example... You put a toy plane on a piece of paper, you pull the string one way (thrust) you move the paper the other way (conveyor) and the distance and speed that the plane travels is the distance and speed that the string pulled it, it has nothing to do with the movement of the piece of paper. Just like in the full size experiment, it has nothing to do with the conveyor.
By contrast, the action of moving the conveyor has the opposite reaction of moving the wheels of the plane, but nothing more. So maybe it adds 40 pounds of friction.. Thats not going to prevent the accelleration of the airplane.