That is patently false. The Japanese are a perfect example. Japanese fighters were specifically designed to excel 1 vs 1 against their counter-parts.
The Bushido code was literally infused into the aircraft design whereby, ideally, each fighter pilot would face off in a samurai-esque duel with a single opponent. That is not to say they did not patrol in groups, but the nature of engagement sought individually was more along the lines of each pilot selecting an enemy and engaging that single foe to conclusion.
Urban myths, both claims. Yes, the Ki-27/A6M were light and very capable in traditional dogfight. With Ki-27 for the purpose and because the engines available were so poor, that the plane had to be as light as possible. Ki-43 is a true dogfighhter, though, designed to excel in close combat, but it was the last of its kind...
With A6M the purpose was not to create a dogfighter but an offensive fighter with great range. To achieve that range, everything else was sacrificied.
Claiming "Japanese fighters were specifically designed to excel 1 vs 1" puts all Japanese fighters into same basket and ignores/refuses to understand the differences between various designs and their purposes. Equalling for example Ki-44 to Ki-27/A6M is plain ignorance.
The Bushido code was there with the pilots, too, but they were taught to fight as units, supportive to each other. Mutual support. Westerners often just repeat the much hyped, though false, claims but in real life the Japanese pilots were not lone wolves in combat, but fought with their wingmen, with their units.
Naturally, the trouble is that the truth is far harder to believe than the myths that were invented in west during the wartime as propaganda, having been copied from article to article since then.