100/130 octane avgas.
From what I have read 100 octane was used to simulate water/methanol.
Like Germna planes the ki-84 used water/methanol injection to run at higher boost. Water was injected into the eye of the SC and evaporated cooling the charge. This increased the temp / pressure at which the 87 octane would detonate.
Higher octane fuel detonates at a higher temp / pressure and should allow for a higher boost. But high Octane fuel run in an eng with a low compression ratio would not burn as clean and you would end up with a dirty intake and not much of a performance boost. Eng wear would be a problem as well because of the higher temp.
If the Ki-84 is without water/methanol then MAP limits for 87 octane will indeed mean a much slower plane then one with 100 octane or one with 87 + water / methanol. It wouldn't make sense that the US would have tested the Ki-84 with higher MAP settings then were used by the Japanese with 87 + water.
However I have not seen any records from the US flight tests that shows the MAP settings.
I am not saying the Ki-84 in AH should do 420. I could careless.
One thing we should note though is Japanese avgas was being produced from all sorts of things and in that sense even it 87 octane fuel was probably not that good later in the war.
I only point this out because I don't want people to just point to 100 octane fuel as some sort of majic juice.