Originally posted by Masherbrum
He ordered his men to a Bayonet Charge that saved Little Round Top and drastically reduced Oate's Confederate Force.
Karaya
Much has been made of the 20th Maine's defense of the left flank on Little Round Top. It was a magnificent fight and Chamberlain conducted his defense better than most regimental commanders could have. In light of his limited experience in command, that makes it all the more impressive (not bad for a college professor).
Within the context of the overall tactical situation at that time, Little Round Top wasn't the strategic fight many have alluded to.
Even if Law's Brigade had pushed the Federals off of the hill, it is extremely doubtful that they could have held it long enough to exploit the position. Indeed, the bulk of the Union 5th Corps was only minutes away, advancing to occupy the two hills. Right behind it was the entire 6th Corps.
As it was, Hood's division (of which Law's brigade was a part, and to which Oates Alabama regiment belonged) was utterly exhausted from the long forced march (and counter-march prior to the attack), from the lack of water and had its manpower nearly halved from severe fighting. They were at the end of their rope.
The nearest artillery batteries Alexander (Longstreet's artillery commander) had were in the Peach Orchard, more than a mile away (My great-great grandfather commanded one of those batteries, the Bedford Light Artillery). This meant limbering the guns, dragging them over difficult ground to the base of Little Round Top (Big Round Top was too heavily forested to be of use for artillery shooting north or east) where they would have to be unlimbered and manhandled to the summit. This would take as much as two hours, probably more. By then, the 5,000 Federals of the 5th Corps not yet engaged would have swarmed over the hills and displaced the worn-out and battered Confederates. Another 9,500 Federals were right behind these. Meade had already issued orders to retake the hills should the Union defenders be forced off.
My regards,
Widewing