Author Topic: Why not use more Mosquitos  (Read 5139 times)

Offline Scherf

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Re: Why not use more Mosquitos
« Reply #45 on: April 15, 2008, 04:27:22 PM »

The British Bombing Survey Unit (the British version of the USSBS) gives the following figure for man-months per 1,000 lbs of bombs dropped:

Lancaster - 9.5
Mosquito - 16
Halifax - 27
Wellington - 27.5
Stirling - 38


I've been wondering why I've never found a link to that - heheheh, 60 bucks needed. Good review here:

http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/bookrev/cox.html

Nashwan, do you have a copy? I'd like to know if that calculation was made after the end of hostilities - I'm assuming it was. If so, the economics (lack of a better word) change radically when compared to those of Autum '43 or Spring '44. The switch away from targets in the Reich immediately reduced loss rates and increased loads dropped by the heavies.

Using the figures in Max Hastings' book, the overall loss rate for Bomber Command from the start of the war (admittedly, this includes the early sorties by Hampdens and the like) stood by my reckoning at 4.2% (FTR and crashed on return). By May 1945, the figure, again calculated from the start of the war, stood at 2.7%, and benefitted from the increased Mosquito sorties.

My point is, the calculation made in hindsight is radically different from that made during the war.
... missions were to be met by the commitment of alerted swarms of fighters, composed of Me 109's and Fw 190's, that were strategically based to protect industrial installations. The inferior capabilities of these fighters against the Mosquitoes made this a hopeless and uneconomical effort. 1.JD KTB

Offline Scherf

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Re: Why not use more Mosquitos
« Reply #46 on: April 15, 2008, 04:32:59 PM »

It's already said above that the mossie flying by the night and with oboe, had an equal if not better accuracy than a daylight bomber with optical sights.


Oboe was also severely limited in the number of aircraft it could handle. If you're for a large-scale precision campaign, you're going to have to do better than Oboe.
... missions were to be met by the commitment of alerted swarms of fighters, composed of Me 109's and Fw 190's, that were strategically based to protect industrial installations. The inferior capabilities of these fighters against the Mosquitoes made this a hopeless and uneconomical effort. 1.JD KTB

Offline MiloMorai

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Re: Why not use more Mosquitos
« Reply #47 on: April 15, 2008, 05:08:06 PM »
Wasn't Oboe used by the Pathfinders to mark the target?

How don't know how accurate this site is for Lanc losses.
http://www.bomber-command.info/LancRaidLoss.htm

There was another site that had BC war losses by the month but looks like it is gone now.

Offline Tilt

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Re: Why not use more Mosquitos
« Reply #48 on: April 15, 2008, 05:31:23 PM »
A pair of stations  guiding via OBOE could only handle one aircraft at a time. OBOE was useless beyond 250 miles so Harris would never have been able to hit Dresden or Berlin or indeed Manhiem, Stuttgart, Frankfurt or Munich. Hamberg would have been at an extreme range. 

OBOE was limited to Duisberg, Dusseldorf, Essen and Koln as far as key industrial targets were concerned.

Even the later G EHH was limited to less than 100 bombers.  Hence without bomb aimers 5000 Mossie raids would have been far less accurate than the Lancasters with bomb aimers.

Hence a massive terrorising Mossie bomber force would have used OBOE and its ilk just as the Lancasters did.  To mark a target with flares for bomb aimers to aim at.

Given all this and certainly given the failure of Harris's strategm (the Riechs most productive year of war production was 1944) I am very much an admirer of the Mosquito. It is engineered using the basest of materials to produce an aircraft that excelled in its field meeting its objectives admirably whilst being able to carry forward development to improve without the core effort becoming redundant.

Had tactical bombing been bomber command strategm  then the Mossie would have been a prime mover, given of course that intelligence could provide it with sufficient targets.
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Offline Furball

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Re: Why not use more Mosquitos
« Reply #49 on: April 16, 2008, 02:17:29 AM »
Ok I will say it clearly. Yes; Harris, to achieve its criminal objective of killing as many german civilians as possible, needed a big force of Lancasters ,not mossies.

Criminal...  :lol
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Offline Bruv119

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Re: Why not use more Mosquitos
« Reply #50 on: April 16, 2008, 03:42:54 AM »
Well rram not that I agree with mass murder on epic proportions the Germans did bomb some of our cities to rubble killing innocent civilians (not as many).  Plus our population didnt go along with gassing millions of Jews even if they didnt know about it (yeah right).
 
See Coventry or Portsmouth or the docklands.

Paybacks a squeak and total war is hell.


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Offline Angus

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Re: Why not use more Mosquitos
« Reply #51 on: April 16, 2008, 04:28:57 AM »
Oh here we go, to the criminal bombings again.
OK, I'll bring in what I belive to be the mindset.
The big bomber barons on ALL sides believed in total victory being available with a raid or series of them, devastating enough.
They were both right and wrong. Holland buckled after Rotterdam, Poland buckled after warshaw. Then the LW tried to buckle the British by flattening London, but that did not work. And Japan buckled in 2 flashes, so you see the theory was still in use late in 1945...
The allied started giving proper paybacks a while after London, - that with the same thougt. It didn't work but they came closer than they knew.
In WW2 the British lived with one heavy cross to bear, - their intelligence through Enigma/Ultra.
They knew quite a bit what the Gerries were up to, so Gerry didn't exactly buy much symphaty there. And Gerry fought on well beyond any reason, no doubt there.
I do not know the exact casualties of the bombings, but the highest numbers I have seen are close to the million. It normally swings between 300.000 and 1 million. Bad bad, but very small in comparison with..some other numbers.
So in short, well into 1944 or early in 1945, there was no mean not to be tried to kill the baaad enemy. No mercy, - but some leaders did get concerned though.
BTW I have a painting of Dreden in my living room, my wifes grandparents escaped from there right before the bombings, and I have been there,,,and to Coventry, and to Warshaw, and to Birkenau, and to Dachau..... Sort of stands closer to me than you'd think.
Then back to the Mossie.
I think it was shown here that it would have been able to haul bombs more efficiently than the Lannie, as well as being equally accurate at short range, and---the glass nosed one did have a bombsight?
Bear in mind also, that it could possibly have bombed from a less altitude due to it's speed and weak radar signal, and, as it did in RL, sometimes at day.
I'd pick a double fleet of them over the Lannies...I think...
It was very interesting to carry out the flight trials at Rechlin with the Spitfire and the Hurricane. Both types are very simple to fly compared to our aircraft, and childishly easy to take-off and land. (Werner Mölders)

Offline Angus

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Re: Why not use more Mosquitos
« Reply #52 on: April 16, 2008, 07:22:12 AM »
Oh, BTW, I spotted february 1942 as a timezone where the RAF abandoned strategic bombing in favour of area bombing.
Well, they carried on with strategic bombing as well, but this was later than I thought. After all, they had to suffer urban area bombing as soon as almost 2 years before.
It was very interesting to carry out the flight trials at Rechlin with the Spitfire and the Hurricane. Both types are very simple to fly compared to our aircraft, and childishly easy to take-off and land. (Werner Mölders)

Offline RRAM

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Re: Why not use more Mosquitos
« Reply #53 on: April 16, 2008, 07:51:18 AM »
Scherf, Tilt.

Yes, Oboe had limitations in the number of aircraft it could guide to a target, and in the distance of the target to be selected. But against precision targets, pathfinding was still useful (and in fact used quite some times by mossie's night bombing operations against precision targets in belgium) so in fact the number of aircraft limitation meant little. And for long range operations Gee still could be used, and H2S could still be used. Both systems when used in close operation worked very well for accurate bombings. I insist, that RAF had to resort to area bombings until late 1942 was a fact, for it had no other means of doing damage to Germany. But since then, there were enough tools to revert to precision bombings instead of the massive area attacks that happened up to VE day.

Well rram not that I agree with mass murder on epic proportions the Germans did bomb some of our cities to rubble killing innocent civilians (not as many).  Plus our population didnt go along with gassing millions of Jews even if they didnt know about it (yeah right).
 
See Coventry or Portsmouth or the docklands.

Paybacks a itch and total war is hell.

The old excuse of "as they did it with us, we shall do the same to them" is not legitim. There are certain limits no decent human (and no criminal) should ever trespass, even in times of war. Harris' area bombing offensive was unsucessful as a whole, needlessy bloody for german civilians (because there was the option to attack production centers instead of cities) and for his own aircrews, and all in all a show of war crimes.

You talk about mass murders done by german bombings on other cities (Amongs them, british ones) as an excuse for the later british area bombings over germany. I'll answer that Göring was sentenced to death because (between many other reasons, but this one was enough to send him to death) of his orders of doing area bombing on enemy cities.

The two standard here is clear: Göring deserved death because he bombed british cities and civilians, but Harris did not because he bombed German cities and civilians. Göring was a criminal for actions such as Coventry. Harris is a knight of the British Empire for actions such as Hamburg. Does this not ring some "Unfairness" bell on someone?.

The part concerning the Jews and the holocaust is so well out of the scope of this debate that I don't understand the reason why you mention it. Maybe because as some germans gassed and murdered innocent jews, the allies should've also gassed and murdered innocent germans?. Killing civilians in bomber-induced firestorms was right because some germans criminals gassed innocents in extermination camps?...I insist, don't understand the reasoning behind mentioning the holocaust in this debate.



Angus:
Quote
Then the LW tried to buckle the British by flattening London, but that did not work. And Japan buckled in 2 flashes, so you see the theory was still in use late in 1945...

About Japan I dislike what happened there but we have a problem here. German civilian homes and beings were not a legit war target because they, as themselfs, were not a part of the german war efort. Sure, some of them were just factory manpower (and by late war, not even that as slave labor was very much extended in german factories)...but most of them (not all civilians worked in a factory, by far) were just old people, women (who never were used as labourers in german war industry), children, disabled people, etc. Bombing them was bombing no-war targets, something I think everyone will agree WAS a crime no matter who dropped the bomb, an american, a british or a german.

IN the japanese case the things were much more diferent. A lot of manufacturing was done at the own japanese homes, and women, old people, even children were extensively used as workers in those conditions and their production was a noticeable % of the total Japanese war production.
Japanese civilians, homes, towns and cities,so, were integral part of the Japanese war production, unlike in Germany. Bombing a japanese city was the equivalent of bombing a factory. SO the area bombings over Japan were terrible, but as horrible as it might sound, they were legitim because were conducted over civilians and their homes...but those civilians and homes were important japanese war production centers.

In this same direction I'll say that,for me, all the british bombings over german cities until tools as H2S, or the bombing/navigation aid systems were available, can't be qualified as criminal. The British were at war with Germany. Bomber Command was a numerous offensive force that had to be used somehow. At the time it could be used only one way: bombing area targets by night over Germany.

The problem starts when the option existed of using working systems for precision bombing at night that would guarantee results while killing as little innocents as possible. Before that moment RAF had no option, and a war to wage. After that, RAF HAD an option to stop killing civilians, yet they went on to turn most german cities to rubble and killing hundreds of thousands of innocents while doing so.

Until early 1943 I can't qualify british area bombing as a crime; they had no option and a war to wage. From 1943 onwards it's a whole different matter. And the main responsible of this insistence in murdering innocent german civilians in mass scale was "Bomber" Harris. A war criminal under any possible light one can put him under.

« Last Edit: April 16, 2008, 08:02:03 AM by RRAM »

Offline Saxman

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Re: Why not use more Mosquitos
« Reply #54 on: April 16, 2008, 10:14:55 AM »
Point of order:

Goering's death sentence was because HE'S the one who came up with the "Final Solution" regarding the Jews.
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Offline Grendel

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Re: Why not use more Mosquitos
« Reply #55 on: April 16, 2008, 11:15:03 AM »
Mossies could carry the 4000lb cookie though maybe not to Berlin (but maybe could have been modified), a crew of only 2
Yes, to Berlin, but...

Quote
had vastly superior surviveability,

Not with 4000 lb bombload.

Quote
could get to Berlin and back twice as fastr as a sterling.

Not with 4000 lb bombload.

And where do you get the resources, men and engines to build such a light bomber force?

Mossie was a niche aircraft that was very useful in many roles, but a strategic bomber it was not.

Offline Angus

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Re: Why not use more Mosquitos
« Reply #56 on: April 16, 2008, 11:21:58 AM »
RRAM:
"I insist, that RAF had to resort to area bombings until late 1942 was a fact, for it had no other means of doing damage to Germany. But since then, there were enough tools to revert to precision bombings instead of the massive area attacks that happened up to VE day."

The British started in feb '42, which means they spent the most of 2-3 years NOT area bombing. Now I insist that the theory of terror bombing (or dehousing as some said) as a tool for enemy surrender was however in use at the time, before, during and after.
2 Years of strategic bombing showed little success, so it was shifted, but do not mislead people, it was not abandoned, - and some of the finest strategic bombing exaples by the RAF were executed AFTER the switch.

As for the Holocaust issue drawing into this, wasn't that me or did someone pull that one in before? Anyway, the point was that the British high command knew of many of the German attrocities in the east for instance as well as the information they had from the USSR. There was simply no more sympathy left for the Germans at the time. Bear in mind that when the decision of bombing Dresden got solid for instance, Birkenau had been captured by the USSR...already 2 weeks before Dresden.
The foe unveils his true doings = no mercy at all. Stop this at all cost....so to say.

A tad more on Dresden...as being picked as a target:
"The USAF report also states that two of Dresden's traffic routes were of military importance: north-south from Germany to Czechoslovakia, and east-west along the central European uplands.[22] The city was at the junction of the Berlin-Prague-Vienna railway line, as well as Munich-Breslau, and Hamburg-Leipzig.[22] Colonel Harold E. Cook, an American POW held in the Friedrichstadt marshaling yard the night before the attacks, later said that "I saw with my own eyes that Dresden was an armed camp: thousands of German troops, tanks and artillery and miles of freight cars loaded with supplies supporting and transporting German logistics towards the east to meet the Russians."[23]

"
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Offline RRAM

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Re: Why not use more Mosquitos
« Reply #57 on: April 16, 2008, 11:58:46 AM »
Point of order:

Goering's death sentence was because HE'S the one who came up with the "Final Solution" regarding the Jews.

This is not true. His actions against the Jews, expoliation of occupied territories, etc were charges he was found guilty of. But, he was also found guilty of commanding an air force. The Nazis trialled at Nüremberg were charged with an indictment of four counts. Göring was found guilty of all four, and was hanged because all them four.

PLease note the parts I highlight:

(Part of count One)
1. Beginning with the initiation of the aggressive war on 1 September 1939, and throughout its extension into wars involving almost the entire world, the Nazi conspirators carried out their common plan or conspiracy to wage war in ruthless and complete disregard and violation of the laws and customs of war. In the course of executing the common plan or conspiracy there were committed the War Crimes detailed hereinafter in Count Three of this Indictment.

The bombings of cities by the luftwaffe were used during the trial, Göring was asked about them, and they were part of the reason Göring was found guilty of Count One, and so, they were part of the reasons why Göring was sentenced to death. I don't seem to recall Harris being trialled, much less being found guilty (which he was), of this same charge. Here lies the problem I was mentioning avobe. If Göring was a criminal because the bombings of Rotterdam, Coventry, London, and many more (and he was found guilty of war crimes because of it, so conducting area bombings on cities targetting civilians WAS a crime according to Nüremberg), then Harris was equally criminal in that regard (of course not on the dozens of other charges Göring was found guilty of).

Of course, there were many more reasons to hang Göring, but one of them was the use of the luftwaffe during WWII.


And BTW there were more instances of this same issue. Go read why Dönitz was sentenced for prison. Compare Dönitz decisions as commander of the U-boote and Kriegsmarine with those taken by people as Adm. Lockwood. Basically Dönitz was trialled and imprisoned for 10 years because he gave the order to sink allied merchant ships (he wasn't found guilty of any other crime). One has to wonder what did Lockwood's submarines do in the Pacific...and again, one was sent to jail for a long time, the other enjoyed fame,recognitiion and success for the rest of his life.

Vae Victis, seems Caesar said once. And he was right...to some extreme. I don't disagree with Nüremberg sentences. At all. And if I am sad about anything is that Göring escaped the rope, for he rightly deserved it. But still I find it extraordinary that while some military commands were found guilty of some charges related with the way of waging a war, the equal military commanders in the Allied side guilty of similar charges were never trialled.

And a bit off-topic, I've always found amusing that part of the Count One charges were related with waging wars of agression on France and England, when they were the ones declaring war on Germany in the first place. Not saying that they did wrong (they should've done it in 1938), I just find it curious that Germany was accused of declaring a war of agression on two nations who declared war on Germany itself  :lol


Angus:
I can understand the point of "the germans were known to committ atrocities in the East, the extermination camps, etc"...by early 1945.
I don't think anyone in Britain ever had the slightest suspect on what was going on in Auswitch by mid-1943...the time of the Hamburg week long bombings which costed more than 40.000 lifes, and more than three times that numbers in injured.

It's not a valid argument. And it isn't even with the holocaust horror in the western allies' minds (I insist that the "they are worse" argument holds no legitimacy from my point of view). But for all those area bombings prior to the discovery of the horrors of the holocaust, its' even less an argument.
« Last Edit: April 16, 2008, 12:05:16 PM by RRAM »

Offline Squire

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Re: Why not use more Mosquitos
« Reply #58 on: April 16, 2008, 12:10:37 PM »
I see the thread has "jumped the shark" ;)

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Offline MiloMorai

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Re: Why not use more Mosquitos
« Reply #59 on: April 16, 2008, 12:34:56 PM »
It is always nice to see all the blame put on RAF BC when the Americans did the same. :eek: In fact, late war British bombing was more accurate (better CEP) than American 8th & 15th AF bombing. American precision bombing was a joke. Early American bomber formations could be 2400 feet across and late war bombing formations were 1200 feet across and all a/c dropped on the lead bomber's drop.

At Dresden, the Americans bombers were to be the 1st of 4 raids over the target but because of bad weather the mission was cancelled. The 3rd mission, an American, was not and this raid carried ~40% incendiaries..

Operation Punishment was the code name for the German bombing of Belgrade during the invasion of Yugoslavia. The Luftwaffe bombed the city on April 6 (Palm Sunday) without a declaration of war, continuing bombing until April 10. More than 500 bombing sorties were flown against Belgrade in three waves coming from Romania where German forces were assembled for the attack on the Soviet Union.

German Field Marshal von Kleist said during his trial after the war: "The air raid on Belgrade in 1941 had primarily political-terrorist character and had nothing to do with the war. That air bombing was matter of Hitler's vanity, his personal revenge." The bombing without a declaration of war become one of the prosecution's charges which led to the execution of the commander of the Luftwaffe formations involved, General Löhr.


Now if one wants to be a bleeding heart, the German V-1s and V-2s were terror attacks a there was little or no warning.

Saxman, GB and France declared war on German because of the attack on Poland. There was treaty obligations to be met.