It'll vary based on the type of flying, geography, airplane and longevity. Airline pay scales are different from corporate or charter operators which you could have a dozen different ways to come up with that whether it's salary, incentives for productivity, etc.
The highest paid salaried pilot I knew of was an American who flew as an expat for a company out of the US who made around $300,000USD/year. He earned every penny flying in a challenging situation. I also know many pilots who have gone their whole career without breaking $100,000.
Typically as you gain experience you'll earn more as well as if you step up to larger aircraft or better types of operations. Many peoples first job is that of a flight instructor or CFI which typically pays $25-60/hr depending on a myriad of factors including whether you work for a flight school, are independent and geography. More expensive areas command a higher price due to cost of living, so it's not simply extra money.
From there an entry level job flying as a first officer/copilot in a light turbine airplane you'll earn $30,000-50,000. Upgrade to Captain and it's $50,000-80,000. Some light jet and turboprop jobs pay more than this again depending on geography, longevity and the type of operation.
Step up to a midsize or supermid (a big midsize, but not really a large cabing) size airplane and you can start to earn more. There is also a lot of overlap with companies and in a lot of cases you're worth what you can negotiate. When you compare notes with other pilots about how their jobs are or what the pay ranges are (I don't like talking about how much I do/don't make but it's in everyone's best interest to get as much as possible of course) you'll find that you can be flying a midsize jet and make more than someone flying a large cabin jet. With so many factors it's impossible to nail down an "average" but generally speaking in a nonscientific fashion the salary ranges above are reasonably representative of several large operators in the US. Another factor is health benefits, retirement and some quality of life considerations with regards to scheduling and staffing. Some of these you can put a price on, some you can't.
When it comes to the airlines the pay scales tell you a portion, the contractual minimum or "guarantee" based on that company's CBA/Contract between the labor and management is another. Another significant player is how they are actually paid and what constitutes an "hour" of pay. Many of these companies will pay based on flight hours AND duty hours which are known as rigs. So for every X number of hours on duty you'll earn Y hours or what you actually flew, whichever is greater. Not all companies do it this way and the ratio of trip/duty/pay is different for each company based on their contracts.
Another general rule of thumb is expat jobs pay more than domestic jobs due to the nature of supply/demand. Not as many people want to go some of the places and the compensation is set higher to attract enough talent. That's not always the case but using a broad brush, it's reasonably representative.
