Author Topic: Question Regarding Political Philosophy  (Read 1634 times)

Offline Sikboy

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Question Regarding Political Philosophy
« Reply #15 on: December 16, 2003, 03:25:23 PM »
Quote
Originally posted by Munkii
  My professor went over Marx the most


Professor's will do that if you let them :)

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Offline Munkii

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Question Regarding Political Philosophy
« Reply #16 on: December 16, 2003, 03:27:21 PM »
Quote
Originally posted by Sikboy
Professor's will do that if you let them :)



Yeah well, this was his first class ever, and he didn't allow a lot of discussion.  He did go over the material fairly well all things concidered.  But at my school, athletics are more important than academics it seems.

Offline Sikboy

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Question Regarding Political Philosophy
« Reply #17 on: December 16, 2003, 03:31:28 PM »
Quote
Originally posted by Munkii
Yeah well, this was his first class ever, and he didn't allow a lot of discussion.  He did go over the material fairly well all things concidered.  But at my school, athletics are more important than academics it seems.


I didn't run into nearly as much Marx as I expected as a poli-sci student in Kalifornia, SSR. But this thread reminded me of a quote from Eat the Rich by PJ O'Rourke:

MIT economist Paul Samuelson: "Marx was wrong about many things...but that does not diminish his stature as an important economist."

PJ O'Rourke: ""Well, what would? If Marx was wrong about many things and screwed the baby-sitter?"


It's neither here nor there but I need a break from studying, and found it amuzing

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Offline Otto

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Question Regarding Political Philosophy
« Reply #18 on: December 16, 2003, 03:45:40 PM »
"I'm majoring in Accounting/Finance"  

Good for you.;)  Now don't take your eyes 'off the ball"

Offline Munkii

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Question Regarding Political Philosophy
« Reply #19 on: December 16, 2003, 03:54:44 PM »
Quote
Originally posted by Otto
Good for you.;)  Now don't take your eyes 'off the ball"


I decided on Accounting/Finance because I have way too many interests and could not decide.  I took the ASVAB for the military to see if there was a clear area I was better at.  I scored a 98% and it was fairly evenly distributed.  So then I just figured, I major in Finance/Accounting, work for someone else and plan my own retirement and possibly retire early if everything goes right.  This then gives me the time to do what I want to for fun, not money.


Look at me, I'm hijacking my own thread.

Offline Tarmac

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Question Regarding Political Philosophy
« Reply #20 on: December 16, 2003, 04:00:57 PM »
Quote
Originally posted by Sikboy
MIT economist Paul Samuelson: "Marx was wrong about many things...but that does not diminish his stature as an important economist."

PJ O'Rourke: ""Well, what would? If Marx was wrong about many things and screwed the baby-sitter?"


Nah, that wouldn't do it either.  Keynes one-upped even that, and he's still historically pretty important.  :)

Offline Munkii

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Question Regarding Political Philosophy
« Reply #21 on: December 16, 2003, 04:01:52 PM »
Before I forget, this is mostly directed at miko, but I welcome everyone else's opinion.

What are your theories on child labor in the work force?

It's generally accepted that child labor would not be a problem without the laws, but being younger than many of you, and not coming from a very well off family.  I would say that child labor laws are the only thing that kept me in high school.  I have a fairly high IQ, I think I tested around 135-142, but I had to get a job as soon as I turned 16, so I could afford to have decent clothes and enough food to eat.  I have worked hard for everything I have, my computer, my car, and my own apartment now.  In highschool I could only maintain at 2.7 GPA, because I worked from 4:30 until 10:30 leaving me very little time for homework.

If it hadn't been for laws stating that I had to be off work by 10:30, many companies would have worked me further.  My family might have intervened, but my working was a huge lift off of their financial shoulders, and they were finally able to start working on most of the debt they had incurred in raising me.

Now I am going to college on your money, because I have recieved 2000 a semester in grants from the government, and I was accepted to a major university all because of Standardized Testing. (Which in itself is another highly debated topic).

Offline Curval

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Question Regarding Political Philosophy
« Reply #22 on: December 16, 2003, 04:23:13 PM »
Good call on the degree.

You will need all this political science mumbo jumbo later on to discuss all sorts of issues at cocktail parties and on this BBS.  That's about all it is useful for.

Curval, BA (Political Science), CA, CPA  :)
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Offline miko2d

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Question Regarding Political Philosophy
« Reply #23 on: December 16, 2003, 07:58:56 PM »
Munkii: Before I forget, this is mostly directed at miko, but I welcome everyone else's opinion.
 What are your theories on child labor in the work force?


 There is no special theory on child labor. The very general theory applies - coercion is bad. Preventing two willing parties to engage in contract because it offends someone's sencibilities is bad.

 If a family choses to send a child to work in a free market, that means it is the best option that family has. Disalowing such family to send child to work will just force them in whatever desperate situation they were before - through no fault of the employer.
 In fact, an employer would suffer much less that a family would from such a restriction.

 In pre-capitalist societies the families existen on subsistence income, on a verge of starvation. Once the capitalism started developing, the capital begin accumulating thus raising productivity of labor and wages of laborers.

 As long as there was an inflow of people from outside capitalist system of division of labor willing to work for subsistence wages, the level of unqualified wages could not rise above subsistance level. But once all the population was invlved in capitalist production, labor became scarce. With increase of the amount of capital, the marginal utility of labor was increasing and since all factors of production (labor, capital, land) always earn their marginal utility, so the real wages started raising.
 With increase in wealth, the marginal utility of child labor decreased and the supply of the child labor disappeared. Instead of being invested in satisfaction of urgent cuurrent needs (staving off starvation), the child labor was invested into the futire increase of productivity - through schooling.

 All the child labor laws did was increase wages of some workers at the expense of the desperate families and delayed the process of capital accumulation, which caused a lot of unnecessary suffering.

 Charity giving money to the family so that it does not need to send a child to work is a good non-coercive way to eliminate child labor.

 BTW, if an employer was willing to pay higher salary, it would do no good, becasue for that higher salary he would be able to higher a better worker who would not be as desperate as to accept a child's wages, so the most desperate workers/families would be shut off from the labor market bu such "charitable" artificial increase in wage above the marhinal utility of child labor.
 Such an employer would receive less profit which would cause him to accumulate capital slower which would lead to less than optimal growth in productivity and thus labor wages.

 Free market is the optimal, fastest way to increase welfare, any "feel-good" intervention is just making improvement slower or impossible.

 miko
« Last Edit: December 16, 2003, 08:01:15 PM by miko2d »

Offline Munkii

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Question Regarding Political Philosophy
« Reply #24 on: December 17, 2003, 01:46:21 AM »
Charity giving money to the family so that it does not need to send a child to work is a good non-coercive way to eliminate child labor.

I was thinking of somthing similar, but that would be an unlikely situation.  How would said charity determing whom recieved help, and who didn't?  What would stop this charity from being abused like the welfare system we have today?  If a company had a type of charity setup for its workers, and did extensive situational checks, I think the idea has merit.  As it is now, I'm still on the fence about how the no child labor laws would play out.  I'm fairly certain suburban America would be uneffected, but inner urban area's would see a sharp drop in graduating students, and a sharp rise in child labor.  The only percieved benefit would be the accumulation of capital for the family so they could escape the inner city, but that would sacrifice at least one generations educational opportunities.

Offline crowMAW

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Question Regarding Political Philosophy
« Reply #25 on: December 17, 2003, 07:40:00 AM »
Quote
Originally posted by Munkii
I'm fairly certain suburban America would be uneffected, but inner urban area's would see a sharp drop in graduating students, and a sharp rise in child labor.  The only percieved benefit would be the accumulation of capital for the family so they could escape the inner city, but that would sacrifice at least one generations educational opportunities.

It appears that Miko is suggesting that it is not a bad thing.

Miko...comment for you:  It appears that the child in your senario of the economic unit known as the family is a slave.  Note that a slave may not enter into an economic contract of their own volition.  Rather, another actor forces them into a contract, usually with no say from the slave as to the terms of the contract.

Now if we truly open up a "free market" concept to all individuals, including children, then are we running the risk of having adults routinely take advantage of the ignorance of children, sometimes in ways that have extremely detrimental and long lasting effects on the child.  If they are considered free and rational actors able to enter into contracts, then statutory rape laws should be thrown out...leaving any pervert who wishes to have sex with a 5 year old free to do so if the child "agrees" to perform the sex act.

If children are not considered rational actors free to enter contracts on their own and are forced into work, then they are slaves.

Offline miko2d

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Question Regarding Political Philosophy
« Reply #26 on: December 17, 2003, 08:47:52 AM »
Munkii: I was thinking of somthing similar, but that would be an unlikely situation.

 Oh, boy. You (we) are so brainwahsed it's scary. But there is hope for you since you are actually trying to learn on your own beside the standard fare that is served to you by the "educators".
 And I am not talking about politics here but the use of language. There is an essay on the (mis)use of langiage by George Orwell - Politics and the English Language, and his book "1984" that is a brilliant illustration how the language is distorted to change the way people think.

 You should stop thinking in artificual completely bogus concepts like "government", "society", "charity" etc. Those words have their place to denote certain valid concepts but taking them out of their proper area of use, pretending that those "things" actually exist as some kinds of acting entities - rather than denote certain systems of relations between acting individuals - is a fallacy that prevents many from thinking straight. (Assigning independent existence to an artificial concept is called "reification, IIRC)

 People act. People make decisions. People make mistakes and learn form them.
 Whan I say "charity", I mean individual people making decisions to help other people they deem worthy of their help - nothing more, nothing less.
 Same as government is a group of people in certain relations towards other people and each other.


 How would said charity determing whom recieved help, and who didn't?

 It would be irrelevant what I said because being voluntary, any charity would set its own standards.
 Of course if a charity was asking me for an advice on how to administer their money, I would say find the cases where there would be the most bang for the buck and attach a lot of strings.
 Find the most capable children who's talents would be most wasted and help them advance - so they become productive members of the society and benefit others.
 Cut the help if the family does not do its utmost to utilise it. If they let a child skips school, if they have another child even though they could not afford the first two, if they pay for cable TV or jewelry - I'd take my money away from them and offer it to another family.
 Of course everyone has his own priorities and the charities reflect that. Some address the most desperate cases instead of the most promising ones, as I would. That's free choice.

What would stop this charity from being abused like the welfare system we have today?

 Why would anyone care if a charity is abused besides a person who voluntarily paid money for it? I am not concerned how wisely you spend your food money, why would I question your charity spending?

 Or rather I am very much concerned about how you spend your money - food, charity, education, etc. - make no mistake about it. I am just not going to endorse coercion as a way to influence your choices. Libertarians are not uncaring - just opposed to coercion.

I'm fairly certain suburban America would be uneffected, but inner urban area's would see a sharp drop in graduating students, and a sharp rise in child labor.

 How much are those "educations" really worth? Those people may benefit much more from aquired work habits than a bogus diploma.
 Education is an investment. As with any investment, it only makes sense if it brings fruit in excess of the cost. Education pays if it makes a person more productive so that the cost would be covered. If that is the case, it would be easy to secure a loan or some other kind of financing as it would be for any other venture.
 We would see much more of such financing if the government did not make it illegal and did not divert enourmous amounts of resources from private economy, driving the real interest rates up.

The only percieved benefit would be the accumulation of capital for the family so they could escape the inner city, but that would sacrifice at least one generations educational opportunities.

 What's the other option? A family does not send a child to work instead of sending him to a private boarding school. A family sends a child to work at a factory so that the child does not have to work in the field, beg or starve.

 If that family had educational opportunities, why would it choose to end a child to work? Of course, there is an illusion that by confiscating wealth from a capitalist you can benefit that family - and you can. But this would deter capitalists from investing and creating capital in the future, so the increase of wealth and real wages will be slower and many other families would be worse off than they could have been.

 The road to common welfare is increasing productivity and production through accumulation of capital per person, not redistrisributing the existing wealth. Any such redistribution just slows down or reverses the progress.

 Munkii, would you read the thread mentioned at the bottom of this post - it will give you an understanding for the philisophical underpinning of my positions.
 I used some Hayekian wordings there but I am sure he was not the first one to come up with them.


crowMAW: It appears that the child in your senario of the economic unit known as the family is a slave.
 Now if we truly open up a "free market" concept to all individuals, including children


 There is a distinction between children and their parents. It's a bit too complex issue to address righ now - the origin of people's rights in a free society.
 In short, a parent is entitled to make decisions on behalf of a child. A perent can certainly send a child to work on the family farm or factory rather than let him or his siblings starve.

 I would not call a child a slave of his parents because that word has a pretty specific meaning. There are all kinds of relations where one person is entitled to make decisions for another one.

 Children cannot be considered rational actors because it is known that human brains does not develop it's cognitive abilities untill certain age, so they are not capable of acting rationally.


 Here is a post on the nature of rigths I wrote in February. it covers the nature and origin of rights and touches the parent-child rights as well:

Rights, liberty and the Rule of Law.

 Here is a quote but read the whole post to understand the concepts of domain and rights that I use.

Quote
A child originates within a person’s body, so a child belongs to that person – part of his/her domain. A child does not have claim to any rights other than those voluntarily claimed on its behalf by its parents (see Rights above) – since nobody has incurred any obligation to such child/fetus. Parent has rights in a society by supporting its operation and can claim such rights for a child.
Nobody is allowed to offer anything – candy, ride, pornography, a book, let alone drugs or alcohol to an underage child because it would violate the parent’s domain - unless the parents agree, of course. Nobody can claim rights for someone else’s child because enforcing them would mean violating the parents’ domain.
When a child grows old enough to support the operation of the society, he claims the same rights as others. The exact moment when that occurs is a tricky question. Probably when a child steps outside and says “I am my own responsibility” and the parent says “OK, I am not responsible for him/her anymore and whatever is done to him/her is not a violation of my domain“. Probably the prevailing tradition will have a say on the age.


miko

Offline Munkii

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Question Regarding Political Philosophy
« Reply #27 on: December 17, 2003, 01:29:19 PM »
You have a very interesting philosophy Miko, and a lot of points I agree with, but some I have a hard time making the connection.  the Child Labor thing probably hits home a little bit closer to myself, but I'm sure you can relate at least on some level.

Offline LoneStarBuckeye

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Question Regarding Political Philosophy
« Reply #28 on: December 17, 2003, 01:41:07 PM »
Miko:

I appreciate your intellect and education, but I think that many of your abstract, theoretical notions, while perhaps plausible in thought experiments, would break down badly in practice.  

It's much as if an engineer designed the fly-by-wire system for the F-22 using a linear model of the plane, because the real non-linear model is too unwieldly to work with.  It might look good on paper, because the simplified model allows the engineer to design all sorts of slick control systems.  The engineer's simulated, linear plane would perform beautifully, but when his controller was applied to the real plane, it would never fly.

Even though the engineer's linear model is too coarse to yield a controller that would work on a real plane, it is still of use.  Indeed, the engineer extracts many general principles from the simple model.  Thus, it, like your ideas, is important, although ultimately impractical without considerable modification.

Just my $0.02,

JNOV

Offline miko2d

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Question Regarding Political Philosophy
« Reply #29 on: December 17, 2003, 02:41:27 PM »
LoneStarBuckeye: I appreciate your intellect and education, but I think that many of your abstract, theoretical notions, while perhaps plausible in thought experiments, would break down badly in practice.

 Would? Free-market capitalism developed spontaneously and caused enourmous increase in wealth for all classes of people in two centuries before 1900 - when practically none of the socialist institutons and labor laws were in effect.

 I bet that you are being paid much more than a legal minimum wage - despite no obligation on your emplopyer's part to do so and apparent disbelief of most people that the employers would only pay subsistance wages if the law did not mandate otherwise.

 Free market, like many other complex systems that work perfectly - languages, genotypes, ecological systems, social institutions, customs and many other types - were not designed by human reason but developed spontaneously.

 One may screw up the function of a human body by poking it with sharp objects and pouring chamicals into orifices but it would be an obvious fallacy to claim that "a human body would break down badly in practice" unless it is tinkered with by democratically elected socialist committee.
 A wishfull thinking, a democratic vote or a decree would not make a diet or gene modification work as desired unless it fits with the natural principles of chemistry and biology. Same with society.

 The functioning of the free market or a market in general is based on individuals acting in their own interests, not out of altruism or any other idealistic feelings.

 I could say that market-based society is not an idealistic utopia because its design is not based on the people's willingness to follow some rules - but that would be totally meaningless because the market is not designed by anyone and could not possibly be.

 What's more - market and market relations always exist and have always existed as long as humans had mind in its modern form.
 The nature of the market relationships is different in various societies. Different kinds of "property" are "traded" in different ways and different currency is used but it is always true.
 In the most oppressive communist country or the most weird hunter-gatherer society without concept of ownershio of physical objects there has always been a market with favors, influence, sex and access used as currency and control in place of capital.

 My point is that out of all kinds of market the relationships based on strict private property ownership and self-ownership of one's body will lead to the fastest increase in wealth for all people because it is conducive to the development of division of labor, most efficient utilisation of available resources towards satisfaction of the most urgently felt needs of the people. And none of that relies on anyone's good will.

 It is based on the inherent properties of the human mind and it is a fallacy to think that people can design something or change something in market relationships - any more than we can design a different operation of gravity in the universe. We can use the knowlege of principles of nature to our advantage or ignore such knowlege and suffer the unevitable consequences.

 Economics is not a political science. It does not tell what ought to be. Ot can only predict within pretty well understood limits of its powers of prediction what kind of effects and consequences a certain action would or woudl not bring and whether they would be desirable.
 For instance, preventing poor people from accepting work will make poor people's situation worse than it would have been.


 One of the main reasons for the current problems of civilisation is the failure to understand the fundamental epistemological differences between social sciences like economics and natural sciences or theoretical sciences like math and trying to apply the methods of the latter to understanding the former. Such misunderstanding encourages tinkering which cannot be but counter-productive.

 miko
« Last Edit: December 17, 2003, 08:13:05 PM by miko2d »