Author Topic: RAF 150 octane  (Read 13671 times)

Offline Neil Stirling1

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RAF 150 octane
« Reply #180 on: September 29, 2005, 03:58:51 AM »




57,000 tons left 31st May 1945

28,000 tons left 7th September 1945.



About 312,000 tons of 150 grade consumed from early 1944 to the end of the European War I doubt that the RAF used all of it or even half of it.

Neil.

Offline Guppy35

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RAF 150 octane
« Reply #181 on: September 29, 2005, 04:19:41 AM »
Interesting couple of lines in a history of the 4th Fighter Group, flying Mustangs out of Debden England.

"June 15, 1944-After extensive tests, which began on February 10th, 1944, all 8th Fighter Command bases started getting 100/150 fuel"

I've seen this mentioned a couple of places.  This was just prior to the Russian Shuttle runs.

I went hunting for images showing 8th or 8th AF Mustangs and the Data blocks under the cockpit like the one above.

Found this one of a 370th FG Mustang in March 45.  100/150 fuel  Another with the R designation after Special Projects.

Found the same on some Iwo based Mustangs as well

Tech order 00-5-1 seems to be the TO to look for.

Dan/CorkyJr
8th FS "Headhunters

Offline Neil Stirling1

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RAF 150 octane
« Reply #182 on: September 29, 2005, 04:28:48 AM »
AIR 29/822     No. 407 Aviation Fuel and Ammunition Park, Groombridge, 2nd T.A.F.                        1943 Aug.-1946 May
AIR 29/822    No. 422 Aviation Fuel and Ammunition Park, Epping and Slindon Park, 2nd T.A.F.    1   944 Feb.-1945 Aug.









Neil

Offline Crumpp

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RAF 150 octane
« Reply #183 on: September 29, 2005, 05:10:54 AM »
Quote
"June 15, 1944-After extensive tests, which began on February 10th, 1944, all 8th Fighter Command bases started getting 100/150 fuel"


Please read the rest of the thread.  We know the 8th AF attempted to bring the fuel into General service.  Technical issues prevented it.  Lets stop going over the same ground please.

Quote
Found this one of a 370th FG Mustang in March 45. 100/150 fuel Another with the R designation after Special Projects.


In fact the 78th has the exact same marking.

That would go along with what Wrigth Patterson is saying.

Quote
They say it's use was most likely very rare in the 8th USAAF.


Supply is not the issue, USE is the problem.


All the best,

Crumpp
« Last Edit: September 29, 2005, 06:11:27 AM by Crumpp »

Offline Angus

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RAF 150 octane
« Reply #184 on: September 29, 2005, 06:44:13 AM »
So it all makes sense?
RAF and USAAF stockpiled 150 oct fuel, but were not advanced enough to use it.
Guess my theory on using it for cooking holds then :D
It was very interesting to carry out the flight trials at Rechlin with the Spitfire and the Hurricane. Both types are very simple to fly compared to our aircraft, and childishly easy to take-off and land. (Werner Mölders)

Offline rshubert

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RAF 150 octane
« Reply #185 on: September 29, 2005, 09:05:49 AM »
Quote
Originally posted by Squire
I have Vol I and Vol II of "2nd TAF" by Chistopher Shores, im wating for Vol 3 to become available. Probably the best source on that air force, and very detailed.

As far as all this stuff about 8:1 and 10:1 and 20:1, its mostly mythology. Local air combats took place between small units usually. "On paper" OOBs does not indicate the ratio of friend to foe in most air combats in WW2.

Im going to paraphrase some from "2nd TAF" Vol II.:

"411 Sqn met 12 Bf 109s"

"403 Sqn encountered 40 Bf 109s"

"401 Sqn undertook a sweep, met 40 190s"

I wont bother going through the entire book, but rest assured there are many reports like that. Did it always happen that way? of course not. I am illustrating that BOTH sides fighter units would run across equal or larger enemy forces on many occasions, because that was just "the fortunes of war", the side to see the other 1st and attack, usually did better.

It made no difference to a Typhoon sqn that ran across 3 Staffels of 109s that "on paper" the allies outnumbered the Germans by X ammount, thats hardly going to help them in the next 10 minutes, is it?


Squire, do you have the ISBNs for those volumes?  Are they still in print?

Regards,

shubie

Offline Scherf

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RAF 150 octane
« Reply #186 on: September 29, 2005, 09:33:23 AM »
They are newly-released, Vol. 3 still not out.

Amazon should have them. Vol. II is titled, IIRC, "2nd TAF   Breakout to Bodenplatte".
... missions were to be met by the commitment of alerted swarms of fighters, composed of Me 109's and Fw 190's, that were strategically based to protect industrial installations. The inferior capabilities of these fighters against the Mosquitoes made this a hopeless and uneconomical effort. 1.JD KTB

Offline Scherf

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« Reply #187 on: September 29, 2005, 09:36:50 AM »
Quote
Originally posted by Angus
So it all makes sense?
RAF and USAAF stockpiled 150 oct fuel, but were not advanced enough to use it.
Guess my theory on using it for cooking holds then :D


312,000 tons consumed is a lot of cooking.

Can I have your eggs?
... missions were to be met by the commitment of alerted swarms of fighters, composed of Me 109's and Fw 190's, that were strategically based to protect industrial installations. The inferior capabilities of these fighters against the Mosquitoes made this a hopeless and uneconomical effort. 1.JD KTB

Offline LRRP22

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« Reply #188 on: September 29, 2005, 10:13:11 AM »
Quote
Originally posted by milian

oh jeebus, has everyone missed the "SPEC.PROJ.NO 92917-R" painted above the 100/150?

Just what was special project no 92917-R? [/B]



The 'Special Projects' entry on the data block is nearly universal for P-51D's.  I looked at hundreds of photos last night and on every P-51D were the data block was complete and unaltered, the 'Special Projects' entry is there.  I suspect that it is a contract number.

Offline Scherf

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« Reply #189 on: September 29, 2005, 10:21:09 AM »
So, there's nothing special about a "special project"?
... missions were to be met by the commitment of alerted swarms of fighters, composed of Me 109's and Fw 190's, that were strategically based to protect industrial installations. The inferior capabilities of these fighters against the Mosquitoes made this a hopeless and uneconomical effort. 1.JD KTB

Offline LRRP22

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RAF 150 octane
« Reply #190 on: September 29, 2005, 11:28:19 AM »
Quote
Originally posted by Crumpp
Please read the rest of the thread.  We know the 8th AF attempted to bring the fuel into General service.  Technical issues prevented it.  Lets stop going over the same ground please.


Crumpp,


We'll stop going over the same ground as soon as you stop making the same unsupported claims.  20,000 tons per month Crumpp- were did it go?  Why are you ignoring all evidence other than your mis-interpretation and retrograde extrapolation of Freeman 'Mighty Eighth War Manual'?  Since the 'Fuels' section of that work is the primary source for your claim that 150 grade wasn't widley intoduced into service until May of '45, why do you ignore  the preceeding sentences that make clear that 100/150 grade had been in use for months by the time the 'Pep' formulation of 150 grade began operational testing in December of '44?  

Why do we see repeated 8th AAF reference to the fuel and the related power settings in June, in July, in September, in November, in December, in March if they weren't using the fuel?

Why did the 8th AAF authorize the use of increased power settings on 100/150 grade for all three fighter types on 11 July 44 if the fuel had been tested and discarded during the Spring?  

Why did CPT Leonard Carson of the 357th FG refer to the use of 72" Hg WEP on 25 July 44 over Paris if 150 grade had been discontinued?  

Why was the 361st Fighter Group commenting on plug fouling related to the use of 100/150 grade in September of 44 if the Command was no longer using that fuel grade?

Why did the 78th Fighter Group immediately modify the engines of there brand new Mustangs to run at 72" Hg on 100/150 grade fuel upon receipt in December of '44?

Why do 78th FG pilots and ground crew refer to the use of 100/150 grade fuel post-December '44 if the fuel's use had been discontinued months before?

Why does now-MAJ Leonard Carson again refer to the use of 72" Hg during a 30 March 45 encounter with Me 262's?

Why does Freeman refer to the request of a couple of VIII FC groups to return to 100/130 grade fuel in March of '45 if the command was already using 100/130 grade?  Why does Freeman state that the request was difficult to grant since the Command only had stocks of 100/150 grade on hand?

Merle Omstead, 357th FG Historian and wartime group Crew Chief, has repeatedly referred to the conversion to 100/150 grade in his works and the works of others.  The first reference I've come across occurring in Roger Freeman's "Mustang at War" published in 1974.  A contention that MSgt Olmstead has confirmed by personal correspondance.





Quote
In fact the 78th has the exact same marking.

That would go along with what Wrigth Patterson is saying.


The 370th FG was a 9th Air Force formation stationed on 'the Continent'.  As you know, the 9th, on the Continent, never received 100/150 grade fuel.  The 100/150 grade marking is no doubt related to the fact that the 370th was passed some former 8th AAF Mustangs when it converted from the P-38 in March of '45.  

Wright Field successfully tested 100/150 grade in the Mustang during the March to May of '44 period.  Have you run across that report in your exhaustive search?

Quote

P-51B-15-NA 43-24777
((Packard Merlin V-1650-7))
Performance Tests on P-38J, P-47D and P-51B Airplanes
Tested with 44-1 Fuel. (GRADE 100/150)

      1. Flight tests were started on P-38J, P-47D, and P-51B airplanes at Wright Field on approximately 20 March 1944 in order to measure the performance and note any effect on flight characteristics when flown with 44-1 fuel. Tests on the P-51B have been completed but tests on the P-38J and P-47D have not been completed to date.

      2. All tests were flown with the airplanes loaded to their maximum combat gross weight. The P-38J airplane tested was P-38J-15, AAF No. 43-28392, equipped with Allison V-1710-89 and 91 engines with Curtiss electric three blade propellers. Gross weight at take-off was 17,360 lbs. with the c.g. at 26.72%. The P-47D tested was AAF No. 42-26167 and was equipped with Pratt & Whitney R-2800-63 engine and an A-23 turbo regulator. Gross weight at take-off was 13,320 lbs. with the c.g. at 29.5%, gear up. The P-51B tested was the P-51B-15, AAF No. 43-24777 and was equipped with a Packard V-1650-7 engine with a 11 ft. 2 in., four blade constant speed propeller. Gross weight at take-off was approximately 9680 lbs. The weight included 265 gal. of fuel, full oil, and no ammunition (85 gal. in auxiliary tank instead of ballast for ammunition).

      3. There was no noticeable change in handling characteristics of any of the airplanes tested when operating at the higher powers which were obtainable with the 44-1 fuel. Only a slight increase in vibration was noted at the higher powers. On one long range test made with the P-51B, there was no apparent trouble due to the 44-1 fuel.

      4. All performance data obtained on the P-51B is included in the attached curves. It will be noted that all tests were run with the wing racks installed. Speeds would be approximately 12 mph faster with the wing racks removed as shown by the dash line curve on the Speed vs Altitude Curve. Approximately 16 MPH increases in speed below critical altitude and approximately 600 ft. per minute increase in rate of climb below critical altitude was obtained by using the 75” Hg. Manifold pressure allowed by 44-1 fuel. No tests were made on this airplane with standard fuel.

 
Quote

Supply is not the issue, USE is the problem.


[/B]



If VIII Fighter Command didn't use 20,000 tons per month, where did it go?  Why did the Command continue to receive 18-20k tons per month if they weren't using it?  Doesn't strike you as unimaginably stupid that VIII Fighter Command would continue to receive enogh 100/150 grade fuel to fuel 40+ squadrons month after month if the Command wasn't using that grade of fuel?





BTW, that 78th Fighter Group Mustang photo is a scan from my collection, so please don't try and dispute the origin.


Brent Erickson

.

Offline LRRP22

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RAF 150 octane
« Reply #191 on: September 29, 2005, 11:31:22 AM »
Quote
Originally posted by Scherf
So, there's nothing special about a "special project"?


Apparently not, since it seems all P-51D's left the factory with that label on the data block stencil.

I have a shot of a 357th FG P-51D from September '44 that shows the 100/150 grade label on the data block but no 'Special Projects' label.  That D model had received the group's customary RAF Dark Green repaint and when the data block was re-stencilled over the new paint, the 'Special Projects' label was not replaced.  From what I can tell, it was standard practice to only include an abbreviated data block when a data block needed to be re-applied.  

.
« Last Edit: September 29, 2005, 11:40:35 AM by LRRP22 »

Offline Guppy35

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« Reply #192 on: September 29, 2005, 11:53:38 AM »
Quote
Originally posted by Scherf
So, there's nothing special about a "special project"?


I think the "R" designation at the end is something seperate.  Not sure exactly what it's for but it isn't on all the 51s with Special Projects # on it.
Dan/CorkyJr
8th FS "Headhunters

Offline LRRP22

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« Reply #193 on: September 29, 2005, 12:29:30 PM »
One thing that seems to be overlooked  with regards to both these photos is that both have obviously had the '3' in the '100/130 Grade' line of the data block changed to a '5' by hand.  So the 'Special Projects' tag, with or without the 'R', was originally included in the data block with the '100/130 grade' line.  It seems extremely unlikely that it had anything at all to do with the use of 150 grade fuel.


Quote
Originally posted by Guppy35
Interesting couple of lines in a history of the 4th Fighter Group, flying Mustangs out of Debden England.

"June 15, 1944-After extensive tests, which began on February 10th, 1944, all 8th Fighter Command bases started getting 100/150 fuel"

I've seen this mentioned a couple of places.  This was just prior to the Russian Shuttle runs.

I went hunting for images showing 8th or 8th AF Mustangs and the Data blocks under the cockpit like the one above.

Found this one of a 370th FG Mustang in March 45.  100/150 fuel  Another with the R designation after Special Projects.

Found the same on some Iwo based Mustangs as well

Tech order 00-5-1 seems to be the TO to look for.


Offline Crumpp

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RAF 150 octane
« Reply #194 on: September 29, 2005, 12:43:50 PM »
Quote
312,000 tons consumed is a lot of cooking.


Your showing production not consumption.

Quote
The 'Special Projects' entry on the data block is nearly universal for P-51D's.


That is good of you to guess, Lrrp2.  

The instructions to convert the Mustang to use 100/150-grade would be published in the form of a Technical Order and supplement the POH for the 8th USAAF.

Perhaps you can produce the USAAF T.O. for the P51D to use the fuel?

Wright Patterson cannot. I tend to believe them.

If you notice the T.O. which does list the authorized fuel was REVISED during some significant time periods.


Quote
T.O. 02-1-38 Specified and Alternate Grade Fuel for Aircraft-Engine Combinations (2 Oct 1944, rev. 10 Feb 1945, rev. 20 May 1945)


Those dates fit for:

from Roger Freemans' MIGHTY EIGHTH WAR MANUAL.

Quote
On 8 February 1945 technical Services reviewed the 355th Group experience, nothing that no chamber corrosion or valve distortion had been found and that no field maintenance on valves had been necessary. Further the use of 'Pep" had appreciably reduced engine maintenance time because plug fouling was practically eliminated. Other gains noticed were reduction to a minimum of abortive sorties due to engine roughness, increased range, and less brake wear as the P-51s were able to taxi at lower rpm. It was felt that any extra wear on the valves or other engine parts was due to the use of higher power and not the 'Pep' fuel. As a result, 'Pep" 100/150 was being supplied to all fighter groups by March.


The units recieve "Pep" in March however, continuing on page 218:

Quote
However, contrary to Technical Services findings, fighter groups reported that while sparking plug life was prolonged, valve adjustment had simultaneously become a problem, checks having to be made every third or fourth mission instead of the usual 50 hours.



Opinions differed but the most likely reason was thought to be valve seat inserts burning out leading to diminishing valve clearance and loss of power.

Enthusiasm for the new fuel waned quickly and in the same month some units requested a return to 100/130. As the old grade had been largely replaced by 100/150, supply was difficult.

By April the position with Pep was so critical that a valve check was advised after every 25 hours of flight. In the middle of that month a message to Wright Field requested valve seat inserts on V-1650 engines be made of stelite or other suitable material with corrosion resistant properties. It was found that there was additive separation when fed to the engine, forming hydrobromic acid which attacked the valve seats.



Makes sense that the T.O. revisions are the adoption of 100/150 grade fuel after completion of the operational trials in Feb. 1945.  Then in May 1945, the fuel was withdrawn from service.

Quote
If VIII Fighter Command didn't use 20,000 tons per month, where did it go?


Seems to be some confusion in this thread between the roles and differences between supply and operations.

This is just Logisitic doing their job, Lrrp2.

All this memo does is point out current production vs. projected requirements from late November 1944.

It is not an order to begin using the fuel.

All the best,

Crumpp
« Last Edit: September 29, 2005, 01:08:57 PM by Crumpp »