If memory serves me torpedo bombers that attacked CV battle groups never faired particularly well as far as planes returned home safely.
I usually attack CV's with torpedo planes have become fairly skilled at aiming them as well as avoiding the ground ack ack..
while it is a fairly daunting task its far from impossible.
One thing to consider is that a solo mission as a torpedo bomber evolves rapidly into a suicide mission. The skill of some of the pilots who fly in this game (to include superdude who has nailed me on a few occasions during a torpedo run.) is to say the least astounding.
This is the technique that has worked the best for me.
At least two torpedo bombers on the deck as well as one escort fighter and two heavy fighter/bombers up high.
A great number of the people who use the 5" guns get caught into target syndrome... they will lock onto a target and fire till its down instead of assessing the overall situation.
This attribute has allow myself and squadmates on several occasions to drive right up next to the CV and torp it.