I caught bronchitis on an airplane to France when I was 16. Because I was in a rural area, the doctor came to visit me, promptly, instead of me visiting him, twice. I walked to the village pharmacist, gave them the doctors note, and received the prescribed medication without paying a penny. This was in 1995.
I have a Japanese friend and he has a very favorable opinion of health-care in Japan, where there is both private and public insurance.