Only a P-47 with 3 drop tanks or a TA-152 with drop tanks could get near them.
Fuel burn could possibly get a problem for a Spit 14 that ups late vs a 30k B-29 and ends up in a prolonged tail chase. Most other planes (sufficient climb rate & top speed assumed) should be able to finally catch up without running out of fuel, especially if the 29 is flying lower than 30k.
A 109 at full internal fuel takes 9 minutes to get to 30K, with DT that increases to 11 minutes. A Spit 14 with DT takes 9 minutes. A P-47M and a TA 152 (both full internal) both take about 13 minutes. A Me 262 is at 30k after 20(!) minutes